A Compact 8-Element 3D UWB Diversity Antenna System for Off Device Installation

Abstract

In this paper, an 8-element Ultra-wideband Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (UWB-MIMO) antenna system is proposed. This MIMO system has novel miniaturized antenna elements that are evolved from a conventional monopole patch antenna. These antennas incorporate various impedance matching features including but are not limited to smoothly tapered fed lines, split and truncated ground configuration, semicircles arches, and inverted p-shaped slots. The antenna pairs are arranged in the cuboidal form to achieve a 3D-arrangement whereas customized decoupling structures achieve the desired isolation levels for three configurations including side-by-side, orthogonal, and across. These three distinct isolation mechanism offers isolation ranges from 20-30 dB for the proposed configurations. More importantly, a diamond eye structure (DES) as a parasitic element is also designed and optimized to improve the impedance matching owing to the lossy nature of isolation structures. The proposed antenna system has compact dimensions of 26.9 × 26 × 26.9 mm and its investigated MIMO performance proves its suitability for communication devices operating in the whole UWB spectrum of 3.1-10.6 GHz. INDEX TERMS Frequency selective surfaces (FSS), Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO), Mutual coupling, Ultra-Wideband (UWB) antennas.

RETRACTED: IoT -Centric Deployment of an Octal Element UWB MIMO Antenna Featuring Spiral Ground Structures

“…15 are calculated using a simulated far-eld radiation pattern as the radiation e ciency of the reported antenna is less than 90%. Other MIMO parameters are measured by using re ection coe cients [17]. The reported antenna has an ECC less than 0.02; based on this, it can be inferred that the correlation among the antennas is minimized.…”

“…The literature presents various MIMO antenna con gurations with different numbers of elements, such as two [3]-[8], four [1], [2], [9]- [15], six [16], and eight elements [17]- [21], designed for diverse applications. These AEs are closely placed and utilize multiple coupling structures to enhance the e ciency of the MIMO antenna.…”

A Miniaturized FSS-Based Eight-Element MIMO Antenna Array for Off/On-Body WBAN Telemetry Applications

“…Overall, this structure was tuned to achieve up to 27 dB reflectance at a center of 6.2 GHz. FSS-based decoupling structures are lossy [29]. The impedance matching was slightly reduced when JC was introduced between antenna pairs.…”

“…The envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), channel capacity loss (CCL), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), and diversity gain (DG) were investigated to determine the diversity performance of the proposed MIMO off-and on-body. It may be inferred from the literature [29] that ECC and CCL should be less than 0.5, while TARC and DG should be less than 0 dB and 9-10 dB, respectively. Equations ( 1)-( 4) were used to evaluate these parameters [30][31][32][33][34].…”

Ultra-wideband Frequency Selective Surface for Communication Applications

“…The band-stop FSS of 2.41 GHz, and 1.50 GHz were designed for EMI reduction applications. In [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], researchers have proposed unique designs to mitigate the effects of EMI and to improve isolation in UWB and 5G applications [31][32][33]. However, some important parameters of FSSs such as thickness, bandwidth, fractional bandwidth, periodicity, signal attenuation, angular stability for horizontal and vertical polarizations schemes need to be further investigated to enhance the performance of the FSS for EMI reduction applications.…”