A compact catalytic foam reactor for decomposition of ammonia by the Joule-heating mechanism

Badakhsh, Arash; Kwak, Yeonsu; Lee, Yujin; Jeong, Hyangsoo; Kim, Yongmin; Sohn, Hyuntae; Nam, Suk Woo; Yoon, Chang Won; Park, Chan Woo; Jo, Young Suk

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.130802

Cited by 51 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In particular, our results showed the capability of highly conductive internals to improve the radial heat transfer in MSR, thus minimizing the temperature gradients across the catalytic bed and enhancing the productivity of the system 19–21 . Foam‐based substrates can be also regarded as heating resistances for the electrification of catalytic processes since these structures provide a continuity of the solid matrix and therefore enable to apply an electric field across the catalyst support 22–24 . Recently, Dou et al 22,23 reported the direct electrification of a Ni‐Al catalyst‐coated Ni foam for CO 2 methanation reaction; herein, a foam temperature of 300°C was reported with an input power of 10 W, which allowed a fast‐heating of the reactor during transient operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…[19][20][21] Foam-based substrates can be also regarded as heating resistances for the electrification of catalytic processes since these structures provide a continuity of the solid matrix and therefore enable to apply an electric field across the catalyst support. [22][23][24] Recently, Dou et al 22,23 reported the direct electrification of a Ni-Al catalyst-coated Ni foam for CO 2 methanation reaction; herein, a foam temperature of 300 C was reported with an input power of 10 W, which allowed a fast-heating of the reactor during transient operations. In another study, Badakhs et al 24 investigated the endothermic ammonia cracking reaction by using a NiCrAl foam as catalyst support as well as Joule-heated substrate to supply the reaction thermal duty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Electrified methane steam reforming on a washcoated SiSiC foam for low‐carbon hydrogen production

et al. 2022

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In view of largely available renewable electricity as a green future resource, here we report the electrification of a Rh/Al 2 O 3 washcoated SiSiC foam for methane steam reforming (MSR). We show that, thanks to the suitable bulk resistivity of the SiSiC foam, its direct Joule heating up to relevant temperatures is feasible; the interconnected geometry greatly reduces heat and mass transfer limitations, which results in a highly active and energy efficient system for low-carbon H 2 production. The foam-based electrified MSR (eMSR) system showed almost full methane conversion above 700 C and methane conversions approaching equilibrium were obtained in a range of conditions. Energy efficiency as high as 61% and specific power consumption as low as 2.0 kWh/Nm 3 H 2 were measured at 650 C, at gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 150,000 cm 3 /h/g cat . When driven by renewable electricity, the proposed reactor configuration promises a high potential to address the decarbonization challenge in the near-term future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Electrified methane steam reforming on a washcoated SiSiC foam for low‐carbon hydrogen production

et al. 2022

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“…However, these systems are conceived only to provide heating before the real catalyst bed, whereas the process conditions at which the system is operated are quite far from steam reforming in terms of temperatures, pressures and volumetric heat demands. Recently, process applications of Joule heating with structured catalysts was demonstrated experimentally in (Dou et al, 2020;Badakhsh et al, 2021;Choi et al, 2021), highlighting the potential of this approach. It is possible to directly electrify a foam, obtaining significantly high power densities that can be used to reduce the transitory of the process or to provide thermal power for endothermic reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Numerical Investigation of Electrically-Heated Methane Steam Reforming Over Structured Catalysts

et al. 2021

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The use of electric energy as an alternative system to provide heat of reaction enables the cut-off of CO2 emissions of several chemical processes. Among these, electrification of steam methane reforming results in a cleaner production method of hydrogen. In this work, we perform for the first time a numerical investigation of a compact steam reforming unit that exploits the electrical heating of the catalyst support. First, for such unit we consider the optimal thermodynamic conditions to perform the power to hydrogen conversion; the process should be run at atmospheric pressure and in a close temperature range. Then, among possible materials currently used for manufacturing structured supports we identify silicon carbide as the best material to run electrified steam reforming at moderate voltages and currents. The temperature and concentration profiles in idealized units are studied to understand the impact of the catalyst geometry on the process performances and open-cell foams, despite lower surface to volume show the best potential. Finally, the impact of heat losses is analyzed by considering different operative conditions and reactor geometries, showing that it is possible to obtain relatively high thermal efficiencies with the proposed methodology.

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“…This relatively new approach to reactor design calls for a comprehensive reconsideration of the traditional reactor layouts in order to take into account the new energy supply methods. Also in this case, the presence of a structured catalyst facilitates the electrification with micro-wave and induction heating, whereas it is also possible to exploit the structured reactor for Joule-heating as reported by Badakhsh and co-authors (Badakhsh et al, 2021).…”

Section: Decarbonization Of Msr By Electrificationmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In addition to the reported studies of the reforming process, similar approaches have been effectively applied to other energy demanding processes, such as methanol production (Delikonstantis et al, 2021), ammonia cracking for hydrogen production (Badakhsh et al, 2021) and CO 2 methanation (Dou et al, 2020).…”

Section: Decarbonization Of Msr By Electrificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Development of Highly Conductive Structured Supports for the Intensification of Non-adiabatic Gas-Solid Catalytic Processes: The Methane Steam Reforming Case Study

et al. 2022

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Structured catalysts are strong candidates for the intensification of non-adiabatic gas-solid catalytic processes thanks to their superior heat and mass transfer properties combined with low pressure drops. In the past two decades, different types of substrates have been proposed, including honeycomb monoliths, open-cell foams and, more recently, periodic open cellular structures produced by additive manufacturing methods. Among others, thermally conductive metallic cellular substrates have been extensively tested in heat-transfer limited exo- or endo-thermic processes in tubular reactors, demonstrating significant potential for process intensification. The catalytic activation of these geometries is critical: on one hand, these structures can be washcoated with a thin layer of catalytic active phase, but the resulting catalyst inventory is limited. More recently, an alternative approach has been proposed, which relies on packing the cavities of the metallic matrix with catalyst pellets. In this paper, an up-to-date overview of the aforementioned topics will be provided. After a brief introduction concerning the concept of structured catalysts based on highly conductive supports, specific attention will be devoted to the most recent advances in their manufacturing and in their catalytic activation. Finally, the application to the methane steam reforming process will be presented as a relevant case study of process intensification. The results from a comparison of three different reactor layouts (i.e. conventional packed bed, washcoated copper foams and packed copper foams) will highlight the benefits for the overall reformer performance resulting from the adoption of highly conductive structured internals.

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A compact catalytic foam reactor for decomposition of ammonia by the Joule-heating mechanism

Cited by 51 publications

References 50 publications

Electrified methane steam reforming on a washcoated SiSiC foam for low‐carbon hydrogen production

Electrified methane steam reforming on a washcoated SiSiC foam for low‐carbon hydrogen production

A Numerical Investigation of Electrically-Heated Methane Steam Reforming Over Structured Catalysts

Recent Advances in the Development of Highly Conductive Structured Supports for the Intensification of Non-adiabatic Gas-Solid Catalytic Processes: The Methane Steam Reforming Case Study

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