A Comparative Analysis of Libraries' Approaches to Copyright: Israel, Russia, and the U.S.

Copyright Educational Services and Information in Academic Libraries

“…However his information did not include the topics or types of service available on those pages. These articles provide the most similar information to the current study, however, only one, that of Shachaf & Rubenstein (2007), addresses academic libraries in the U.S at all. The information on U.S. academic libraries collected by this study focused primarily on accessibility, only hinting at the types of copyright information each website offered.…”

“…By focusing on research 1 institutions to form the population for the study, the author hoped to facilitate connections to other studies that used similar criteria, as well as produce results that would give further information on the peer libraries of the author's own institution. The existence of information on copyright services and companion educational material on library websites was chosen both as an indicator of the library and institutional value placed on these services (Shachaf & Rubenstein, 2007), as well as evidence of patron demand on the library regarding copyright issues. Beginning in early 2018, each library website was checked for the…”

“…As well as providing some documentation on what types of information are provided, these studies also evaluate the accessibility of the information by either conducting in site searches or by recording how many clicks are required for a website visitor to access the information from the home page with the understanding that more clicks relates to less accessibility. One analysis of libraries in Russia, Israel and the United States looked at online copyright information as a reflection of what the library recognized as important as well as a reflection of the demands on libraries to provide the information (Shachaf & Rubenstein, 2007). The study found that, of the three countries, Israel and the U.S.…”

“…This information, on average, required at least two clicks to access. In comparison, Israeli libraries situated copyright information only one click into the site, however, offered less variety of information: e-resources and reserves (Shachaf & Rubenstein, 2007). A follow-up study of the same method by Wang & Yang (2015) looked at copyright information on the websites of Chinese and Japanese libraries.…”

Copyright Policy and Practice in Electronic Reserves among ARL Libraries

“…Among those studies are several major attempts to inventory how universities and their libraries deal with intellectual property rights among students, faculty, libraries, and rights holders outside the university. 15 These studies largely focus on the copyright policies that universities create to address the ambiguities of ownership and use of copyrighted works.…”