A comparative analysis of lipid content and fatty acid composition in muscle, liver and gonads of Seriola fasciata Bloch 1793 based on gender and maturation stage

Abstract

The fat content and fatty acid profile of commercially important Seriola fasciata (Lesser amberjack) was determined in samples of muscle, liver and gonads of both genders at pre-spawning and spawning stage. Results indicated that edible muscle of pre-spawning fish had high fat content (>8%), lowering to medium fat (4-8%) content during spawning stage. Livers and gonads presented more constant and relatively high lipid contents. Saturated fatty acids constituted the majority of the fatty acids, followed by monounsaturated fatty acids, with palmitic acid and oleic acid as the major fatty acid in all tissues. EPA and DHA content increased in spawning females and highest amounts were observed in the ovaries (222 and 1440 mg/100 g respectively). Livers presented lowest PUFAs content regardless of maturity stage and SnÀ6/SnÀ3 ratio was influenced by gender in this organ. SnÀ3/SnÀ6 was gender related during pre-spawning stage, increasing in spawning maturation stage. Results highlight variations in the nutritional value of the different tissues according to maturity stage and gender, emphasizing the need for consumer awareness of these changes.

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“…Overall, females at prespawning stage presented higher lipid content in all sampled tissues, with a marked increase in dorsal muscle. Dorsal muscle lipid content was higher in our samples (24.04%) when compared to the results found in the muscle of S. fasciata at the same maturation stage (Nogueira et al, 2016) and of S. dumerilli (Haouas, Zayene, Guerbej, Hammami, & Achour, 2010;Rodríguez-Barreto et al, 2012), but similar to those found by Rodríguez-Barreto et al (2014) in indoor cultivated S. dumerilli. Such differences highlight the need of knowing fish nutritional value, especially when fish are not easy to distinguish, as is the case between Almaco jack adults and greater amberjack juveniles.…”

“…The total fatty acids (mg/100g sample) were higher in the liver samples from both maturation stages, followed by dorsal muscle of pre-spawning females. Comparison with S. fasciata at the same maturation stage and captured in the same region (Nogueira et al, 2016), indicates that Almaco jack muscle samples are richer (9.737, 19.174 and 8.205 g/100g) than S. fasciata (6.514, 13.857 and 7.959 g/100g) in all sampled tissues (muscle, liver and gonad, respectively).…”

“…For comparison purposes, clarification of the proximate composition of different muscles and their seasonal trends would enable more detailed analyses aimed at optimizing the utilization and assessing potential differences among species and seasons. Still, comprising more than 8% of lipid content in their chemical composition, all the analysed tissues of wild Almaco jack female may be classified from a human nutritional standpoint as a high fat content fish (Ackman, 1989), similarly to other carangidae (Sutharshiny, Sivashanthini, & Thulasitha, 2013;Nogueira et al, 2016).…”

“…Liver and gonads are not usually commercially exploited and are discarded. It is important to address investigation towards these alternative sources, not only for increasing the profitability of the by-products of the fishing industry, but also for the possibility of finding nutritionally important PUFA-oils, with higher quality than traditional ones (Nogueira, Fernandes, Fernandes, & Cordeiro, 2016).…”

Sex‐based differences in fatty acid composition of adult walleye

“…Other reported sex‐based differences in lipid composition at the time of spawning include n ‐3/ n ‐6 ratios of liver lipids between male and female lesser amberjack ( Seriola fasciata ; Nogueira, Fernandes, Fernandes, & Cordeiro, 2017). Recent research has demonstrated that some fishes can provision ova directly from the diet, as well as from somatic sources; coho salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch ) were shown to preferentially deposit ARA and DHA from their diet into developing ovaries (Johnson, Kroeger, Reichert, Carter, & Rust, 2017).…”