A Comparative Analysis of Mhc DRB3 Polymorphism in the American Bison (Bison bison)

Mikko, Sofia; Spencer, Madeleine; Morris, B. G.; Stabile, Samuel dos Santos; Basu, T.; Stormont, Clyde; Andersson, Leif

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a023144

Cited by 40 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For one, the species compared in Fig. 2 have experienced different demographic histories (e.g., American bison Bison bison that experienced a sharp decline, Mikko et al 1997) and average effective population sizes. Phylogenetic distances within the order Artiodactyla could also reasonably be expected to influence allelic diversity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low MHC DRB class II diversity in the mountain goat: past bottlenecks and possible role of pathogens and parasites

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are the most polymorphic in vertebrates and code for molecules playing a central role in pathogen resistance. We studied levels of MHC DRB class II diversity in a long-term study population of mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) at Caw Ridge, Alberta, and two other populations from British Columbia, Canada. Only two alleles were found among the three populations sampled. The Caw Ridge population was fixed for one of the two MHC DRB alleles, but this lack of variation did not appear to have affected it negatively because the population doubled over two decades and had no history of any apparent infectious diseases. Past population bottlenecks during Pleistocene glaciations are thought to have been the main factor contributing to the low levels of MHC diversity in mountain goats, a hypothesis supported by our previous work reporting low polymorphism at neutral loci. Additionally, the limited MHC variability in mountain goats may be related to its northern distribution as we found that allelic diversity at MHC DRB class II in wild ungulates decreases with increasing latitude, possibly as a result of low parasite diversity at high latitudes. The low MHC variation in mountain goats and other northern ungulates such as muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) may expose these species to population outbreaks that could be generated by introduced pathogens or northward shifts in the distribution of pathogens with global climate warming.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low MHC DRB class II diversity in the mountain goat: past bottlenecks and possible role of pathogens and parasites

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While the MHC is polygenic in other species, a high degree of polymorphism is often confined to one or two genes (Escayg et al 1996;Fabb et al 1993;Klein et al 1986;Mikko et al 1997;Wagner et al 1999). The identification of a polymorphic MHC gene m sea lions would be important, since there are several studies examining exon 2 of D^^ and DQB genes in other seal species that are used as evidence for a lack of MHC diversity in pinnipeds Slade 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of expressed DQA and DQB genes in the California sea lion ( Zalophus californianus )

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To date, there are no published MHC sequences from the California sea lion (Zalophus califomianus), a thriving species that, by feeding high on the marine food web, could be a sentinel for disturbances in marine and coastal ecosystems. In this study, degenerate primers and RACE technology were used to amplify near-fiiUThis study was supported by grants from the Office of Naval Resources (ONR), the Marine Community Foundation, the Fogarty International Center and the US National Science Foundation (#DEB-0094919) Studies were performed jointly in the laboratories of Stott and JohnsonThe nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper have been submitted to the GenBank nucleotide sequence database and have been assigned the following accession numbers: An additional three Zaca-DQB sequences containing features compatible with pseudogenes or null alleles were also identified. Despite the identification of multiple DQA and DQB sequences, the degree of heterogeneity between them was extremely low. To confirm the limited degree of Zaca-DQ nucleotide variation between individuals, we used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to examine putative peptide binding region sequences from the peripheral blood leukocyte-derived RNAs of 19 wild-caught California sea lions from physically distinct populations. The pattern of Zaca-DQ sequence migration was identical between individuals and independent of geographical region. This apparent Zaca-DQ sequence identity between sea lions was confirmed by direct sequencing of individual bands. In combination, these fmdings raise important questions regarding immimogenetic diversity within this thriving species, and should prompt further research into the existence of a highly polymorphic sea lion class II MHC molecule with sequence features that support traditional peptide binding fiuictions.

show abstract

“…However, for species that have been through known bottlenecks, the amount of MHC variation is significantly less. In bison, which went through a bottleneck at the end of the 19th century, Mikko et al (1997) found nine alleles in a sample of 20 animals, and in the Przewalski's horse, in which the entire species is descended from 13 founders, Hedrick et al (1999) observed four alleles at one locus and two alleles at a second locus in a sample of 14 individuals. For the related class II DQB gene, in northern elephant seals, which descend from 100 or less animals from the turn of the 20th century, Hoelzel et al (1999) observed two alleles in a sample of 69 animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Histocompatibility Complex Variation in the Arabian Oryx

Hedrick¹,

Parker²,

Gutiérrez‐Espeleta³

et al. 2000

Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In the 1960s, the Arabian oryx was one of the most endangered species in the world, extinct in the wild and surviving in only a few captive herds. The present day population of over 2000 descends from a small number of founders and may have restricted genetic variation for important adaptive genes. We have examined the amount of genetic variation for a class II gene in the major histocompatibility complex thought to be the most important genetic basis for pathogen resistance in vertebrates. We found three very divergent alleles, which on average, differed by 24 nucleotides and 15 amino acids in the 236-bp fragment we examined. Using single-strand conformation polymorphism, we found that in a sample of 57 animals, the alleles were in Hardy-Weinberg proportions, although one allele was found only in four heterozygous individuals. The average heterozygosity for the 22 amino acid positions involved in antigen binding was 0.165, three times as high as that for the 56 amino acids not involved with antigen binding. Because the three alleles have such divergent sequences, it is likely that they may recognize peptides from quite different pathogens. As a result, maintenance of these variants should be considered as a goal in the captive breeding program of the Arabian oryx.

show abstract

A Comparative Analysis of Mhc DRB3 Polymorphism in the American Bison (Bison bison)

Cited by 40 publications

References 26 publications

Low MHC DRB class II diversity in the mountain goat: past bottlenecks and possible role of pathogens and parasites

Low MHC DRB class II diversity in the mountain goat: past bottlenecks and possible role of pathogens and parasites

Molecular characterization of expressed DQA and DQB genes in the California sea lion ( Zalophus californianus )

Major Histocompatibility Complex Variation in the Arabian Oryx

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About