A Comparative Analysis of Soil Fauna Populations and Their Role in Decomposition Processes

Petersen, Henning; Luxton, Malcolm

doi:10.2307/3544689

Cited by 991 publications

(551 citation statements)

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“…However, as with tropical soils in general, high Collembola densities (greater than 50000 per m 2 ) have also been found in some agricultural soils, in at least some temperate and tropical environments (Andren & Lagerlof 1983, Heisler & Kaiser 1995, Axelsen & Kristensen 2000. This study provides additional evidence that relatively high Collembola densities may also occur in tropical agricultural soils, in contrast to low densities that might be expected based on suggestions that the abundance of soil fauna is lower in tropical soils than in comparable temperate soils (Salt 1952, Madge 1965, Petersen & Luxton 1982, Heneghan et al 1998. It is also notable that in the present study a relatively greater variety of collembolan species were dominant in orchards with integrated production in comparison to the number of dominant species in orchards with conventional production, and four species were dominant only in sites with integrated production (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 50%

Collembola (Arthropoda: Hexapoda) communities in the soil of papaya orchards managed with conventional and integrated production in Espírito Santo, Brazil

2006

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Collembola have significant influences on soil microorganisms and fertility but information on these ecologically important arthropods is lacking, especially in agricultural and tropical environments. This research was conducted to identify Collembola species present in the soil of papaya orchards in Espírito Santo, Brazil, and to compare the effect of conventional and integrated production on Collembola in this Neotropical environment. Soil samples (4.8 cm diameter, 10 cm deep) were collected in February, May, August and November 2003, from papaya orchards managed with conventional production (including pesticide application based on little or no pest monitoring or consideration of environmental impact) and integrated production (including selective pesticide application only when necessary based on regular pest monitoring) in one experimental site with three treatments (conventional; integrated with drip irrigation; integrated with microsprinkler irrigation) and four commercial orchards (two with conventional and two with integrated production). Berlese-Tullgren funnels were used to extract Collembola from the soil samples. Averaged over the sampling dates, collembolan densities of the orchards ranged from 14023 to 56001 Collembola per m 2 . In the experimental site, the species Willemia brevispina, Folsomina cf. onychiurina, Folsomides cf. centralis, Folsomides parvulus, Cyphoderus cf. similis, and Neelus cf. minimus were more abundant with integrated versus conventional production. However, this difference was not apparent in commercial orchards sampled. Results indicate that relatively high populations and diverse communities of Collembola occur in the soil of papaya orchards in Espírito Santo but no collembolan species were found to be consistent biological indicators of conventional or integrated production. Este trabalho estudou a influência da Produção Convencional em comparação ao de Produção Integrada, sobre os colêmbolos no Estado do Espírito Santo, com ênfase na identificação das espécies e na determinação da densidade dos colêmbolos no solo. A pesquisa foi feita em pomares de mamão nos municípios de Sooretama (pomares experimentais na Fazenda Experimental de Sooretama, INCAPER) e Linhares (pomares comerciais). Na Fazenda Experimental de Sooretama foram realizadas avaliações em um experimento com os sistemas de produção convencional, e o outro com produção integrada. Foram coletadas quatro amostras de solo de cada tratamento (produção convencional com irrigação por aspersão; produção integrada com irrigação por gotejo; produção integrada com irrigação por microaspersão), nos meses de fevereiro, maio, agosto e novembro de 2003. Em Linhares, foram avaliados dois pomares comercias com sistemas de produção convencional e dois com produção integrada, sendo coletadas três amostras por pomar, da mesma forma e nos meses descritos no experimento de Sooretama. Para a extração dos colêmbolos das amostras de solo foram usados os funis de Berlese-Tullgren. A quantidade média dos colêmbolos nos pomares variou de ...

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 50%

Collembola (Arthropoda: Hexapoda) communities in the soil of papaya orchards managed with conventional and integrated production in Espírito Santo, Brazil

2006

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“…The nematode abundance, determined for the forest soils, was similar to the ones observed in literature (Peterson & Luxton, 1982;Bloemers et al, 1997). However, sampling techniques, sampling depth and extraction methods often vary in different projects and, sometimes, account for differing results (Mulder et al, 2005).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Methodological adaptation for nematodes extration in forest soils of the southern Mata Atlântica

Moser

Frankenbach

2009

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to clarify whether the method to extract nematodes from European soils is suitable for forest soils and litter in the eastern of Paraná state, Brazil, and whether nematode abundance differs between sites with different ecosystems and levels of human interference. The study sites were situated in the coastal area of the Serra do Mar, near the town of Antonina, in Eastern Paraná, Brazil. Cobb's sieving and decanting method was more appropriate than ISO method, since extraction effi ciency was higher and intrasample variability was signifi cantly lower. In order to achieve an extraction effi ciency higher than 90%, Cobb's method was modifi ed. For the extraction of nematodes from litter, the Baermann funnel, with an extraction time of 48 hours, yielded an extraction effi ciency higher than 90%. Nematode abundance in litter was higher than in soil. The mean number of individuals extracted from the litter increased with the age stage of the forest sites sampled, and there was no difference in the number of individuals in the soil of the four forest sites. Mean nematode abundance in soil in banana plantations was about twice as high compared to the banana-palmito mixed stands and to the forest sites.Index terms: agroforestry system, bioindicator, extraction method, Nematoda. Adaptação metodológica para extração de nematódeos em solos fl orestais da Mata Atlântica do Sul do BrasilResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi verifi car se o método de extração de nematódeos, aplicado em solos europeus, é apropriado para solos de fl orestas e para serapilheira do leste do Estado do Paraná, e se a abundância de nematódeos difere entre os diversos ecossistemas e os níveis de interferência humana. Os locais estudados situam-se na área costeira da Serra do Mar, próximo do Município de Antonina, no Leste do Paraná. O método Cobb de peneiramento e decantação foi considerado mais apropriado do que o método ISO, pois a efi ciência da extração foi maior, e a variabilidade intra-amostral foi signifi cativamente menor. Para conseguir uma efi ciência de extração acima de 90%, o método Cobb foi modifi cado. Para a extração de nematódeos da serapilheira, o funil de Baermann, com tempo de extração de 48 horas, rendeu efi ciência de extração acima de 90%. A abundância de nematódeos em serapilheira foi maior do que no solo. O número médio de indivíduos extraídos da serapilheira aumentou com a idade da fl oresta na área amostrada, e não houve diferença quanto ao número de indivíduos nos solos dos quatro sítios de fl oresta. A abundância média no solo dos plantios de banana foi quase o dobro da observada em sítios de plantio misto de banana com palmito e em sítios de fl oresta.Termos para indexação: sistema agrofl orestal, indicador biológico, método de extração, Nematoda.

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“…Beyond fungal and bacterial decomposers, soil fauna play an important role in soil detrital food webs and can have a large influence on terrestrial biogeochemical cycles (Petersen and Luxton, 1982). Fungivorous nematodes, earthworms and arthropods may favor necromass of certain species of EM fungi over others and increase the speed at which the C and nutrients in those litters are cycled.…”

Section: Decomposer Communities and Extracellular Enzyme Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The decomposition of ectomycorrhizal fungal necromass

Fernandez¹,

Langley

Chapman

et al. 2016

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

181

109

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a b s t r a c tThe turnover of ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungal biomass represents a significant input into forest carbon (C) and nutrient cycles. Given the size of these fluxes, understanding the factors that control the decomposition of this necromass will greatly improve understanding of C and nutrient cycling in ecosystems. Recent research has highlighted the considerable variation in the decomposition rates of EM fungal necromass, and patterns from this research are beginning to emerge. In this article we review the research that has examined both intrinsic and extrinsic factors that control the decomposition of EM fungal necromass and propose additional factors that may strongly influence EM fungal necromass decomposition and ecosystem properties. We argue that, as with most plant litters, the stoichiometry (C:N) of EM necromass is an important factor governing decomposition, but its role is modulated by the nature of the C and N in the tissue. In particular, melanin concentration appears to negatively influence the quality of EM fungal necromass much as lignin does in plant litters. Other intrinsic factors such as the morphology of the mycelium may also play a large role and suggest this as a focus for future research. Extrinsic factors, such as decomposer community activity and physical protection by soil, are also likely to be important in governing the decomposition of ectomycorrhizal necromass in situ. Finally, we highlight the potential importance of EM fungal necromass diversity and abundance in influencing terrestrial biogeochemical cycles. Understanding the factors that control the decomposition of EM necromass will then improve the predictive power of next-generation terrestrial biosphere models.

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A Comparative Analysis of Soil Fauna Populations and Their Role in Decomposition Processes

Cited by 991 publications

References 0 publications

Collembola (Arthropoda: Hexapoda) communities in the soil of papaya orchards managed with conventional and integrated production in Espírito Santo, Brazil

Collembola (Arthropoda: Hexapoda) communities in the soil of papaya orchards managed with conventional and integrated production in Espírito Santo, Brazil

Methodological adaptation for nematodes extration in forest soils of the southern Mata Atlântica

The decomposition of ectomycorrhizal fungal necromass

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