A comparative analysis on thermal runaway behavior of Li (Ni Co Mn ) O2 battery with different nickel contents at cell and module level

Effect of high Ni on battery thermal safety

“…It was found that the commercial 18650 battery has an exothermic start temperature of approximately 140 C, and a TR trigger temperature of approximately 200 C. In addition, the maximum temperature reached during the TR was 733 C. Duh also conducted safety tests on a variety of commercial 18650 Li-ion batteries at 100% SOC. It was reported that the average selfexothermic onset temperature of the batteries was 159.1 ± 8.3 C, and the maximum TR temperature was 498.4 ± 25.6 C. Moreover, the ternary Li-ion battery with NCM as the cathode material indicated catastrophic characteristics of fire and explosion when the critical temperature exceeded (204.8 ± 16.5) C. 29 Wang et al 30 used an accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) to study the TR of 37 Ah NCM111, 50 Ah NCM523, and 50 Ah NCM622 batteries. The self-exothermic onset temperatures were 90.9 C, 71.2 C, and 69.6 C, and the TR trigger temperatures were 241.1 C, 244.1 C, and 248.4 C, respectively.…”

“…Moreover, the ternary Li‐ion battery with NCM as the cathode material indicated catastrophic characteristics of fire and explosion when the critical temperature exceeded (204.8 ± 16.5)°C 29 . Wang et al 30 used an accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) to study the TR of 37 Ah NCM111, 50 Ah NCM523, and 50 Ah NCM622 batteries. The self‐exothermic onset temperatures were 90.9°C, 71.2°C, and 69.6°C, and the TR trigger temperatures were 241.1°C, 244.1°C, and 248.4°C, respectively.…”

Identifying surface degradation, mechanical failure, and thermal instability phenomena of high energy density Ni-rich NCM cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries: a review

“…The cathodes oxygen release can be investigated by thermal analysis, time-resolved X-ray diffraction (TR-XRD), Raman spectroscopy, in situ differential electrochemical mass spectroscopy (DEMS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and computational modeling. 135 Various study revealed that the O 2 evolution is a complex mechanism that is influenced by many parameters such as state of charge (SOC), morphology and size of the particles, chemical composition, and atomic arrangements of the cathodes. 120 For instance, Seong-Min Bak et al 97 have been used the combination of in situ time-resolved X-ray diffraction (TR-XRD) and mass spectroscopy (MS) to study the structural change and gas evolution of Ni-rich cathode material.…”

“…Huaibin Wang et al 135 have also studied the thermal runaway of NCM111, NCM523, and NCM622 cathode batteries by using Extended Volume Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (EV-ACR). According to this report, the main factors that can trigger the thermal runaway of batteries are O 2 release, lithium plating at the anode, internal short circuit, and the reaction of the cathode with electrolyte.…”

Research Progress on the Surface of High-Nickel Nickel–Cobalt–Manganese Ternary Cathode Materials: A Mini Review

“…The thermal decomposition products of high-nickel LNCM cathode materials at high temperature may include the following: Li x Mn 2 O 4 , LiNiO 2 , (NiO) x (MnO) y , CoO, CoCO 3 , LiF, and various oxides of manganese, nickel, and cobalt (Wang et al, 2020a). The electronic structure of the active element in the transition metal layer is a factor that directly affects the redox reaction.…”