A comparative ideotype, yield component and cultivation value analysis for spring wheat adaptation in Finland

Abstract

In this study Mixed structural covariance, Path and Cultivation Value analyses and the CERES-Wheat crop model were used to evaluate vegetation and yield component variation affecting yield potential between different highlatitude (> 60° N lat.) and mid-European (< 60° N lat.) spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes currently cultivated in southern Finland. Path modeling results from this study suggest that especially grains/ear, harvest index (HI) and maximum 1000 kernel weight were significant factors defining the highest yield potential. Mixed and Cultivation value modeling results suggest that when compared with genotypes introduced for cultivation before 1990s, modern spring wheat genotypes have a significantly higher yielding capacity, current high yielding midEuropean genotypes even exceeding the 5 t ha -1 non-potential baseline yield level (y b ). Because of a forthcoming climate change, the new high yielding wheat genotypes have to adapt for elevated temperatures and atmospheric CO 2 growing conditions in northern latitudes. The optimized ideotype profiles derived from the generic high-latitude and mid-European genotypes are presented in the results. High-latitude and mid-European ideotype profiles with factors estimating the effects of concurrent elevated CO 2 and temperature levels with photoperiodical daylength effects can be utilized when designing future high yielding ideotypes adapted to future growing conditions. The CERES-Wheat ideotype modeling results imply, that with new high yielding mid-European ideotypes, the non-potential baseline yield (y b ) would be on average 5150 kg ha -1 level (+ 108 %) vs. new high-latitude ideotypes (y b 4770 kg ha -1 , 100%) grown under the elevated CO 2(700ppm) ×temperature (+3°C) growing conditions projected by the year 2100 climate change scenario in southern Finland.

Can the development of drought tolerant ideotype sustain Australian chickpea yield?

“…This was done using the trait ranges measured at Narrabri to give breeders some flexibility while targeting traits. The optimised values were generated and assigned to the ideotype and then subjected to analysis (Laurila et al 2012) using Genstat® version 18. The degree of similarity between the five selected genotypes and the constructed ideotype was determined using a minimum spanning tree generated from a principal component analysis (Genstat®).…”

Problems with Estimating Anthesis Phenology Parameters inZea mays: Consequences for Combining Ecophysiological Models with Genetics

“…When correlations between parameter estimates are present, opportunities exist to select on one plant trait by selecting on a related phenotype instead. Additionally, there have been a number of in silico studies where CERES models were used to design crop ideotypes (Laurila et al, 2012; Semenov and Stratonovitch, 2013). Such efforts find combinations of model parameter values that predict phenotypes well suited to the target population of environments.…”

Global Sensitivity Analysis for CERES-Rice Model under Different Cultivars and Specific-Stage Variations of Climate Parameters

“…Cultivars with environment studies have been conducted such as investigations of ideal cultivars for the given environments for rice [51] and wheat [52], as well as investigations of genetic gains in soybean for given possible sources [53]. However, due to the variation of irrigation, fertilization, and soil conditions, these factors could bring large uncertainty as well as interactions for the global SA.…”