A Comparative Investigation Between Poly(N-vinylcarbazole) and Poly(3,6-N-vinylcarbazole): Spectroscopy, Conductivity, Thermal and Optical Properties

Reyna-González, Juan Manuel; Roquero, Pedro; Rivera, Ernesto

doi:10.1163/156855509x436058

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…According to the literature [20,32], the oxidation of this molecule occurs in a similar manner to carbazole but is accompanied by further chemical reactions.…”

Section: N-substituted Carbazolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbazole electrochemistry: a short review

Karoń

Łapkowski

2015

J Solid State Electrochem

243

168

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Carbazole and its derivatives have become important materials for optoelectronic applications in recent years. In this work, we have collated information on the oxidation of carbazole and its derivatives. Knowledge of their electrochemical properties affords insight into the mechanisms for their oxidation and reduction as well as possible subsequent reactions. This knowledge therefore provides the basis for evaluating the stabilities of these materials and for designing novel carbazole-derived materials with desired properties as well as new devices.

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“…According to the literature [20,32], the oxidation of this molecule occurs in a similar manner to carbazole but is accompanied by further chemical reactions.…”

Section: N-substituted Carbazolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reyna-Gonzalez et al [20,32] demonstrated that modifying the acidity of the electrolyte leads to the formation of polymer films with various properties (in terms of morphology, chemical structure, thermal, optical properties, and electrical conductivity).…”

Section: N-substituted Carbazolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbazole electrochemistry: a short review

Karoń

Łapkowski

2015

J Solid State Electrochem

243

168

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“…As noted, the current at 0.23 and 0.80 V diminishes with the number of cycles, and a new peak appears at 0.47 V. Possible explanations for the first phenomenon may be attributed to the depolymerization of PAni [ 55 ], the oxidative electropolymerization of PVK, or the crosslinking of carbazole rings [ 54 , 56 ]. An alternative explanation of these findings (broadband at 0.47 V) is that fragments of depolymerized PAni could oxidate with carbazole rings creating a new conjugated chain [ 57 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brush-like Polyaniline with Optical and Electroactive Properties at Neutral pH and High Temperature

Conejo-Dávila

Casas-Soto

Aparicio-Martínez

et al. 2022

IJMS

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In this research, a brush-like polyaniline (poly(2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate)-g-polyaniline)-b-poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (BL PAni) was developed as a strategy to overcome the limited processability and dedoping above pH 4 of conventional polyaniline (PAni). For the BL PAni synthesis, RAFT polymerization (homopolymer), RAFT-mediated surfactant-free emulsion polymerization (block copolymer), and interfacial oxidative polymerization were applied to graft the PAni chains. NMR and FT-IR spectroscopies were performed to confirm the structural elucidation of the reaction pathways, while the thermal properties were analyzed by TGA and DSC. Notably, the BL PAni presents absorption throughout the visible region and up to the near-infrared, showing dedoping resistance at up to 80 °C and at a neutral pH. The absorption range of the BL PAni, block copolymer, and homopolymer were studied by UV–Vis spectroscopy in solid-state and dispersion/solution, highlighting BL PAni and poly(anilinium 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate)-b-poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PAAMP-b-PVK) due to the π-stacking between the anilinium and carbazole groups. The cyclic voltammetry confirmed the persistence of electroactivity at a pH near 7.

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“…Our previous studies [ 10 ] have proved that when using the CVFF force field, the T g of the poly(methyl methacrylate) polymer matrix (PMMA) with embedded chromophores is lower than 500 K. Experimentally, it was shown that the T g of the PMMA is 378–438 K [ 27 ]. Experimentally measured T g of the PVK is equal to 435 K [ 28 ]. In this case, it was decided that the PVK polymer with small chromophores in its matrix can be modeled at 500 K as in the liquid state and 300 K as in the glassy solid state.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational and Experimental Study of Nonlinear Optical Susceptibilities of Composite Materials Based on PVK Polymer Matrix and Benzonitrile Derivatives

et al. 2022

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Theoretical and experimental investigations of the linear and nonlinear optical properties of composite materials based on the (Z)-4-(1-cyano-2-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)vinyl)benzonitrile molecule named as A, the (Z)-4-(2-(benzofuran-2-yl)-1-cyanovinyl)benzonitrile named as B and the (Z)-4-(2-(4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)-1-cyanovinyl)benzonitrile molecule named as C embedded into poly(1-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) polymer matrix were performed. The electronic and optical properties of A, B, and C molecules in a vacuum and PVK were calculated. The guest–host polymer structures for A, B, and C molecules in PVK were modeled using molecular dynamics simulations. The spatial distribution of chromophores in the polymer matrix was investigated using the intermolecular radial distribution (RDF) function. The reorientation of A, B, and C molecules under the influence of the external electric field was investigated by measuring the time-dependent arrangement of the angle between the dipole moment of the chromophore and the external electric field. The polarizabilities and hyperpolarizabilities of tested compounds have been calculated applying the DFT/B3LYP functional. The second- and third-order nonlinear optical properties of the molecule/PVK thin film guest–host systems were investigated by the Maker fringes technique in the picosecond regime at the fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm. The experimental results were confirmed and explained with theoretical simulations and were found to be in good agreement. The modeling of the composites in volumetric and thin-film form explains the poling phenomena caused by the external electric field occurring with the confinement effect.

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A Comparative Investigation Between Poly(N-vinylcarbazole) and Poly(3,6-N-vinylcarbazole): Spectroscopy, Conductivity, Thermal and Optical Properties

Cited by 14 publications

References 52 publications

Carbazole electrochemistry: a short review

Carbazole electrochemistry: a short review

Brush-like Polyaniline with Optical and Electroactive Properties at Neutral pH and High Temperature

Computational and Experimental Study of Nonlinear Optical Susceptibilities of Composite Materials Based on PVK Polymer Matrix and Benzonitrile Derivatives

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