A comparative investigation of carbon black (Super-P) and vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCFs) as conductive additives for lithium-ion battery cathodes

Cho, Inseong; Choi, Jaecheol; Kim, Kyuman; Ryou, Myung Hyun; Lee, Yong Min

doi:10.1039/c5ra19056h

Cited by 72 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…[ 31,52,53 ] Because, thus far, there is no specifi c analysis tool to measure the adhesion strength of the electrodes in an accurate manner, we believe that it is meaningful to evaluate the physical features of Si electrodes using SAICAS. SAICAS is a unique tool that is capable of measuring the adhesion strength of the electrodes at a specifi c fi lm depth by using a V-shaped microblade to cut the fi lm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mussel‐Inspired Polydopamine‐Functionalized Super‐P as a Conductive Additive for High‐Performance Silicon Anodes

Song

Jung

Cho

et al. 2016

Adv Materials Inter

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Zn, Cd, Hg, etc.), the so-called "lithium alloys." Li alloys, which have a larger number of Li ions per formula unit than graphite, consequently provide higher specifi c capacities than graphite. [ 11 ] For instance, fully lithiated Si (Li 22 Si 5 or Li 4.4 Si) has a theoretical specifi c capacity of 4200 mAh g -1 , the highest among the abovementioned alloying elements. [ 12,13 ] Consequently, Si is considered a promising anode material and, for decades, it has attracted intense research attention. However, the huge volume changes that occur during lithiation and delithiation result in cracking and crumbling ("pulverization") of the active material. [ 5,11 ] This consumes a large amount of available Li ions and electrolytes and forms a passivation fi lm, the so-called solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), [ 14,15 ] on the Si surface exposed to the electrolyte. In addition, loss of electronic interparticle contact occurs. [ 4,16 ] Consequently, these factors eventually lead to capacity fading, and, as a result, the implementation of Sibased anodes in LIBs has not been realized.Generally, the electrodes for LIBs consist of three major constituents: (1) the active materials, (2) polymeric binders, and (3) conductive additives. First, the development and modification of Si active materials have been intensively studied. To release dimensional stress in Si-based active materials during lithiation and delithiation, many nanostructures, including 0D nanoparticles, 1D nanowires and nanotubes, 2D nanosheets and nanofl akes, and core-shell structured nanomaterials, have been explored. [ 17,18 ] These materials reduce mechanical stress because fracture does not occur in Si nanostructures below a critical size. [ 19 ] However, nanostructured materials still suffer from several severe shortcomings; for example, an increased surface area, leading to a larger SEI and consumption of lithium ions, low tap densities, aggregation, and safety problems associated with the fl ammable and explosive tendencies of metallic nanopowders. [ 20,21 ] Therefore, as the next step, nano/microhierarchical structures, in which nanosized Si particles are embedded in a microscale framework, e.g., conductive carbon-based materials, have attracted much interest. [ 17,22,23 ] However, owing to the complex structure of these materials, these approaches generally have high production costs and are not appropriate for mass production. For the successful implementation of Si-based anodes in LIBs, low cost, and scalability are prerequisites.Second, it has been recently verifi ed that the appropriate choice of polymeric binders for Si-based anodes can improveThe study has developed a facile polydopamine (PD) surface coating method for a typical conductive additive, Super-P. This method is effi cient, economical, and environmentally friendly, and it can be used for the mass production of Super-P. PD treatment converts the hydrophobic surfaces of Super-P into hydrophilic surfaces, facilitating slurry preparation, and slurry coating for the fabrication of Si-ba...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mussel‐Inspired Polydopamine‐Functionalized Super‐P as a Conductive Additive for High‐Performance Silicon Anodes

Song

Jung

Cho

et al. 2016

Adv Materials Inter

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“…Figure shows a schematic of the electrodes and the different morphologies of the conducting agents that affect the manner of electrical conduction within the electrode active material before and after repeated cycling. Before the large volumetric change, Super P ® Li particles are capable of facilitating electrical conduction since the silicon nanoparticles are in close proximity to each other (Figure a). However, after repeated cycling, some of active material loses electrical contact as a result of increased distance between particles after repeated expansion and contraction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To attain an integrated network that is conductive across the entire electrode, the two conducting agents must be combined so that each of their advantages is harnessed . That is, the close proximity electrical conduction of Super P ® Li must be coupled with the long range electrical conduction of VGCF.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Morphologically Different Conductive Agents on the Performance of Silicon Anode in Lithium‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2018

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The performance of electrochemical electrodes, is largely dependent on the extent of efficient electrical contacts between particles, and secondly, between the current collector and the particles, amongst other factors. We report on the electrical conductivity of silicon anode electrodes that have been prepared by using conductive agents with different morphological properties. Super P® Li (SP), VGCF®‐H vapor grown carbon fibers (VGCF), and their mixture were incorporated separately into the anode electrode to observe their distinctive resultant performance. The morphological characterization was done using scanning electron microscopy whilst the electrochemical properties of the prepared electrodes were characterized by electrical resistivity test, cyclic voltammetry, charge/discharge tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The combination of VGCF®‐H and Super P® Li, results in improved performance of the anode, due to their synergistic interactions which reduce the effects encountered during the failure of the silicon anode electrode caused by large volume changes. These findings unlock new opportunities for the exploration and development of other morphologically useful conductive agents to improve silicon anode in lithium ion batteries.

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“…Carbon materials with different structures and dimensions have been widely used as conductive additives for most commercial LIBs due to their high electronic and thermal conductivity, good chemical stability and light weight [9,[11][12][13][14] . Besides the conventional carbon materials, such as carbon black and graphite powder, new carbon materials with higher conductivity, such as carbon nanotubes, vapor grown carbon fibers and graphene also show great potential for the application as conductive additives in recent years [14][15][16][17][18] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choice for graphene as conductive additive for cathode of lithium-ion batteries

Shi

Lei

Pei

et al. 2019

Journal of Energy Chemistry

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A comparative investigation of carbon black (Super-P) and vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCFs) as conductive additives for lithium-ion battery cathodes

Abstract: The synergistic effect of different types of conductive additives, vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCF) and carbon black (Super-P) on the cathode performance of lithium-ion batteries was investigated.

Cited by 72 publications

References 34 publications

Mussel‐Inspired Polydopamine‐Functionalized Super‐P as a Conductive Additive for High‐Performance Silicon Anodes

Mussel‐Inspired Polydopamine‐Functionalized Super‐P as a Conductive Additive for High‐Performance Silicon Anodes

Effect of Morphologically Different Conductive Agents on the Performance of Silicon Anode in Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Choice for graphene as conductive additive for cathode of lithium-ion batteries

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