A Comparative Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Oral and Subcutaneous Meloxicam Administered to Postpartum Dairy Cows

Shock, D.A.; Roche, Steven; Olson, Merle E.

doi:10.3390/vetsci6030073

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Differences in T max may also be due to animal differences such as breed, species, feeding schedule or other differences in housing or management that may affect drug absorption between studies. The AUC 0-inf generally appears to be greater for cattle [14,15,[19][20][21][32][33][34][35][36] than for the sheep in our study, which suggests greater drug exposure in cattle compared to sheep in this study. Coetzee et al [15] Wani et al [37] Allen et al [14] Allen et al [14] Gorden et al [21] Gorden et al [21] Shock et al [36] Warner et al [38] Warner et al [38] Publication…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…The AUC 0-inf generally appears to be greater for cattle [14,15,[19][20][21][32][33][34][35][36] than for the sheep in our study, which suggests greater drug exposure in cattle compared to sheep in this study. Coetzee et al [15] Wani et al [37] Allen et al [14] Allen et al [14] Gorden et al [21] Gorden et al [21] Shock et al [36] Warner et al [38] Warner et al [38] Publication…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

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Pharmacokinetic Parameters and Tissue Withdrawal Intervals for Sheep Administered Multiple Oral Doses of Meloxicam

Depenbrock

Urbano

Ziegler

et al. 2021

Animals

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Meloxicam is an anti-inflammatory drug used to treat pain and inflammation in ruminants including sheep, and pharmacokinetic studies are needed to protect the food supply from drug residues after use in food-producing animals. This study estimated plasma pharmacokinetic parameters and meat withdrawal intervals (WDI) for market sheep after multiple daily oral doses of meloxicam. Single and multiple dose plasma pharmacokinetic studies, a multi-dose tissue depletion study, and a follow-up study to investigate if events prior to slaughter were associated with differences in plasma meloxicam concentrations, all using sample data collected after completion of dosing, were completed. Using regulatory agency methods for calculating withdrawal times, an estimated WDI of at least 10 d following the last dose is recommended for market lambs treated with 10 daily oral 1 mg/kg doses of meloxicam tablets suspended in water. The effect of events surrounding slaughter on plasma meloxicam concentrations in lambs is unknown but should be considered if plasma samples are obtained immediately prior to or during the slaughter process and used for pharmacokinetic investigations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Pharmacokinetic Parameters and Tissue Withdrawal Intervals for Sheep Administered Multiple Oral Doses of Meloxicam

Depenbrock

Urbano

Ziegler

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…The parity effect is thought to be due to higher blood levels in first lactation animals, as well as, differences in metabolic and endocrine profiles due to production and growth. When controlling for treatment, first lactation animals displayed a significantly larger elimination half-life, peak concentrations (C max ), and total systemic exposure (AUC 0−∞ ) when compared with second-or greater lactation cows (18). Malreddy et al (19) have evaluated the plasma pharmacokinetics and milk depletion profiles of co-administration of meloxicam and gabapentin in mid-lactation dairy cattle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Meloxicam Between Healthy Post-partum vs. Mid-lactation Dairy Cattle

et al. 2020

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Lactating dairy cattle are at risk for various painful conditions throughout their life, such as lameness, parturition, mastitis, and metabolic disorders. These conditions necessitate adequate methods of analgesia to address welfare concerns through efficacious pain mitigation. As no method of analgesia has been approved for lactating dairy cattle, to date, research is necessary to determine effective pain management strategies for dairy cattle. In both the European Union and Canada, meloxicam has been approved for use in lactating dairy cattle as a methodology for pain control. The objective of this study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam administered orally and intravenously to lactating dairy cattle in the post-partum vs. mid-lactation period. In this parallel study design, 12 healthy, lactating Holsteins were enrolled within 24 h of freshening and randomly allocated to intravenous (0.2 mg/kg) or oral (1.0 mg/kg) meloxicam administration treatment groups. They were matched based on parity to 12, healthy cows that were considered mid-lactation [>150 days-in-milk (DIM)] to receive the same treatment. Based on meloxicam formulation, sampling times varied and plasma was collection via jugular venipuncture for 6 days. Plasma drug concentrations were evaluated using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy and pharmacokinetic properties were evaluated using non-compartmental (i.e., statistical moments) analysis. Results indicated a decreased systemic clearance of meloxicam in post-partum relative to mid-lactation cows, which resulted in a longer half-life and increased total exposure independent of mode of administration. These results suggest a need for dose adjustments based on stage in lactation and further assessment of the impact of days-in-milk on milk withholding period.

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“…Storage temperature was monitored by a NIST-certified temperature-recording device. Plasma samples were analyzed with a validated Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Agilent 1200 HPLC, Agilent, CA, USA) procedure that was conducted using UV detection [18]. An internal standard (piroxicam) was added to the untreated plasma sample.…”

Section: Laboratory Analysis For Meloxicam In Plasma Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Delivery Method on the Pharmacokinetic Properties of Meloxicam in Pre-Weaned Dairy Calves with Diarrhea

Shock¹,

Roche²,

Nagel³

et al. 2020

OJVM

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The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam is commonly used as adjunct therapy for neonatal calf diarrhea to control pain and inflammation. The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in diarrheic pre-ruminant dairy calves dosed either orally or subcutaneously. Twelve pre-ruminant male dairy calves with mild to moderate diarrhea were randomly assigned to receive one of four treatments (three per group): subcutaneous meloxicam (SM, 0.5 mg/kg body weight); an oral bolus meloxicam suspension (OM, 1 mg/kg body weight); an oral meloxicam suspension added to a feeding of oral electrolytes (EM, 1 mg/kg body weight); and an oral meloxicam suspension added to a feeding of milk replacer (MM, 1 mg/kg body weight). The predicted pharmacokinetic parameters for OM, MM, EM, and SM groups were: half-life (56.8 ± 21.7 vs. 136.0 ± 26.6 vs. 85.2 ± 21.7 vs. 36.3 ± 21.7 h), Cmax (4.3 ± 0.4 vs. 3.7 ± 0.4 vs. 3.9 ± 0.4 vs. 2.1 ± 0.4 µg/mL), Tmax (13.3 ± 4.0 vs. 10.7 ± 4.0 vs. 13.3 ± 4.0 vs. 2.7 ± 4.0 h), and AUC 0-∞ (383.4 ± 126.8 vs. 877.8 ± 155.3 vs. 457.1 ± 126.8 vs. 126.4 ± 126.8 h * µg/mL). Oral meloxicam, especially MM, had extended elimination phases relative to SM. All meloxicam therapies provided effective therapeutic levels but all oral therapies (1 mg/kg) provided longer durations of activity than injectable meloxicam (0.5 mg/kg).

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A Comparative Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Oral and Subcutaneous Meloxicam Administered to Postpartum Dairy Cows

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

Pharmacokinetic Parameters and Tissue Withdrawal Intervals for Sheep Administered Multiple Oral Doses of Meloxicam

Pharmacokinetic Parameters and Tissue Withdrawal Intervals for Sheep Administered Multiple Oral Doses of Meloxicam

Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Meloxicam Between Healthy Post-partum vs. Mid-lactation Dairy Cattle

The Effect of Delivery Method on the Pharmacokinetic Properties of Meloxicam in Pre-Weaned Dairy Calves with Diarrhea

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