A comparative proteomic study of white and black glutinous rice leaves

Abstract

Background: Black glutinous rice contains remarkable levels of anthocyanins, which possess anti-oxidative properties and thus have health benefits. The accumulation of anthocyanins in grains of thirty black glutinous rice varieties was measured, and the results revealed that the accumulated anthocyanin content ranged from 0.262 to 2.539 mg/g. Black glutinous rice Br no. 19 was selected, and its leaf protein expression profile was compared with that of white glutinous rice RD 6 using 2D-PAGE, and the protein spots were then directly analyzed after proteolysis by LC-MS/MS. Results: The proteins from the leaves of the two rice varieties were separated using 2D-PAGE and silver stained, and the spots were analyzed using Image Master 2D Platinum version 5 software. The results showed that the protein profiles of these two rice cultivars were different, with at least six protein spots that were detected only in Br no. 19. In addition, seven protein spots accumulated at higher levels in Br no. 19 than in RD 6. Conclusion: The protein spot S1 (AP005098.4) is homologous to the Rc protein. Our results suggest that some of the proteins enriched in Br no. 19 may be involved in anthocyanin synthesis in the black glutinous rice.

The Potential of High-Anthocyanin Purple Rice as a Functional Ingredient in Human Health

“…Likewise, the majority of the genetic variation being within regions rather than between regions was reported in the traditional Philippine pigmented rice, and 589 pigmented rice accessions occur as both indica and japonica types [53]. In Northeastern Thailand, the total anthocyanin concentration of 30 local glutinous purple rice accessions ranged from 26 to 254 mg/100 g [54]. The latter study also evaluated total anthocyanin concentration among Anthocyanin occurrence in the grain is very divergent, since most purple rice varieties are traditional/local rice that reflect differences among regions and growing environments (glutinous and non-glutinous rice types and upland and lowland rice types) [51,52].…”

Combining high-throughput phenotyping with overall growth measurements of indica rice (Oryza sativa L spp. indica) cultivars over the whole life cycle

“…To date, there is limited information on the diversity of leaf color in rice crops, including light green, dark green, purple and pink colors, detected by RGB cameras via high-throughput phenotyping in relation to plant canopy estimation and color segmentation as an alternative information source (Peng et al, 2006;Chin et al, 2016;Khan et al, 2020). Riceberry is a previously documented indica rice variety with a purple leaf sheath (anthocyanin enrichment in the leaf sheath, panicle and pericarp of rice grain) (Daiponmak et al, 2010;Phonsakhan and Kong-Ngern, 2015). Additionally, in the current study rice varieties with light green, green and dark green leaves and short-day photoperiod insensitivity were selected-Homchonlasit, IR64, PT1, RD41, and RD43-as well as a semidwarf rice with a high-yield genotype, IR64, for validation (Mackill and Khush, 2018;Pongprayoon et al, 2019;Tisarum et al, 2019).…”

Black rice cultivar from Java Island of Indonesia revealed genomic, proteomic, and anthocyanin nutritional value

“…Maksup and others (Maksup et al, 2017) compared the proteomic profile of germinated and non-germinated brown rice, in which germinated brown rice exhibited higher protein expression than nongerminated brown rice. A previous study reported that at least six proteins related to anthocyanins were expressed in black and not white glutinous rice leaves (Phonsakhan & Kong-Ngern, 2015). Using sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) with Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) staining, Sari and others (Sari et al, 2019b) detected specific protein bands in black rice seeds from Java, while those proteins were not detected in white or red rice.…”