A comparative review of biochar and hydrochar in terms of production, physico-chemical properties and applications

Chemical, structural and energy properties of hydrochars from microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization of glucose

“…It is a green and efficient approach for treating organic materials because of its comparatively low emission, and generation of nontoxic waste [4]. Due to its simple operation, mild reaction conditions, and ability to exploit renewable biomass with minimal pre-treatment, it is of a particular environmental advantage when compared to other techniques of carbonization [5][6][7]. Among potential precursors used in the preparation of carbonaceous materials, glucose is very promising and its hydrothermal carbonization process has been studied several times using the conventional method of oven heating [6,[8][9][10].…”

Characteristics of slow pyrolysis biochars produced from rhodes grass and fronds of edible date palm

“…Biochar is a low-value by-product obtained by the thermochemical conversion of biomass into heat, power, fuels and/or chemicals using an oxygen-limited environment [1][2][3]. The most common thermochemical processes are pyrolysis and gasification [2][3][4].…”

“…The most common thermochemical processes are pyrolysis and gasification [2][3][4]. Biochar material can be used in agriculture, carbon sequestration and wastewater treatment [2]; this material is also effective in retaining nutrients and keeping them available to plants [5], thus by directly applying it into the soil, the conventional agricultural productivity and soil fertility may increase [6].…”

“…The most common thermochemical processes are pyrolysis and gasification [2][3][4]. Biochar material can be used in agriculture, carbon sequestration and wastewater treatment [2]; this material is also effective in retaining nutrients and keeping them available to plants [5], thus by directly applying it into the soil, the conventional agricultural productivity and soil fertility may increase [6]. However, the specific application of biochar depends on its physicochemical properties, which could change depending on the process used for obtaining it, i.e., operating conditions and biomass feedstocks; therefore, the understanding of chemical and physical properties of the biochar is crucial to find its most suitable applications [6,7].…”

Sustainable conversion of waste biomass using hydrothermal carbonization method

“…Ona obično ima visok sadržaj organskih i neorganskih jedinjenja, deo azota, fosfora kao i mineralnih komponenti iz originalne biomase [25,28]. Može se redciklirati, pri če-mu se povećava energetski prinos hidročađi jer se delovi organskih materija u vodi mogu dodatno polimerizovati [29].…”