Molecular
hydrogen is the most optimistic solution for achieving
a carbon-neutral energy economy, and it requires scientific intervention
for its production, storage, and transportation. In the present time,
hydrogen is produced primarily from conventional fossil fuels. Hydrogen
production from natural gas using partial oxidation and steam reforming
processes is a relatively mature process. However, several modifications
and improvements are being researched. Hydrogen generation from potential
renewable and biological sources such as water splitting and biomass
conversion are propitious approaches. Hydrogen is one of the smallest
molecules, and the volumetric efficiency of its storage is quite poor.
The creative and innovative ways for molecular hydrogen storage, including
pressurized, liquified, physically adsorbed, chemically adsorbed,
and in the form of gas hydrates, are being investigated. The delay
in developing a systematic and mature hydrogen economy is mainly due
to challenging storage conditions and the safety aspect of its transportation.
Hythane, a patented mixture of hydrogen and natural gas, can act as
a bridge for the hydrogen economy by sharing the current natural gas
infrastructure. This review delivers an extensive understanding of
the properties of hythane fuel with a brief history. Hydrogen addition
can increase NO
x
emissions due to exceptional
heat generation that can be solved to a certain extent with the approach
of inventive technologies developed for internal combustion engines,
including three-way catalyst, lean burn combustion, exhaust gas recirculation
(EGR), and direct fuel injection (DFI).