A Comparative Study between Traditional Backup Generator Systems and Renewable Energy Based Microgrids for Power Resilience Enhancement of a Local Clinic

Faraji, Jamal; Babaei, Masoud; Bayati, Navid; Hejazi, Maryam A.

doi:10.3390/electronics8121485

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(31 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, the distribution system operator (DSO) encourages prosumers to achieve benefits and reduction in maintenance and expansion cost of equipment. In the U.S. and some European countries, the development of this kind of market has led to achieving a great balance between supplies and demand as well [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Day-Ahead Optimization of Prosumer Considering Battery Depreciation and Weather Prediction for Renewable Energy Sources

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, taking advantage of renewable energy sources (RESs) has increased considerably due to their unique capabilities, such as a flexible nature and sustainable energy production. Prosumers, who are defined as proactive users of RESs and energy storage systems (ESSs), are deploying economic opportunities related to RESs in the electricity market. The prosumers are contracted to provide specific power for consumers in a neighborhood during daytime. This study presents optimal scheduling and operation of a prosumer owns RESs and two different types of ESSs, namely stationary battery (SB) and plugged-in electric vehicle (PHEV). Due to the intermittent nature of RESs and their dependency on weather conditions, this study introduces a weather prediction module in the energy management system (EMS) by the use of a feed-forward artificial neural network (FF-ANN). Linear regression results for predicted and real weather data have achieved 0.96, 0.988, and 0.230 for solar irradiance, temperature, and wind speed, respectively. Besides, this study considers the depreciation cost of ESSs in an objective function based on the depth of charge (DOD) reduction. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, predicted output and the real power of RESs are deployed, and a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model is used to solve the presented day-ahead optimization problem. Based on the obtained results, the predicted output of RESs yields a desirable operation cost with a minor difference (US$0.031) compared to the operation cost of the system using real weather data, which shows the effectiveness of the proposed EMS in this study. Furthermore, optimum scheduling with regard to ESSs depreciation term has resulted in the reduction of operation cost of the prosumer and depreciation cost of ESS in the objective function has improved the daily operation cost of the prosumer by $0.8647.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Day-Ahead Optimization of Prosumer Considering Battery Depreciation and Weather Prediction for Renewable Energy Sources

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Using the following Equations 1and 2, HOMER calculates the NPC 38,39 : where C ann,tot accounts for the annual cost of the system, i is the real discount rate, R proj is the duration of the project, and CRF (i,N) is the capital recovery factor. 41 where i accounts for the real discount rate and N is for the number of years.…”

Section: F I G U R E 1 Schematic Representation Of the Homer Optimizamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to calculate the COE, HOMER employs the following Equation (3). 41 As mentioned above, C ann,tot corresponds to the annual cost. The annual primary load and deferrable load are represented as E p and E d , respectively.…”

Section: F I G U R E 1 Schematic Representation Of the Homer Optimizamentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno‐economic comparative study of hybrid microgrids in eight climate zones of Iran

Sadat

Faraji

Babaei

et al. 2020

Energy Science & Engineering

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many efforts have been made to increase the utilization of renewable energy resources (RESs) in Iran. This paper aimed to evaluate the techno‐economic performance of an introduced hybrid microgrid (HMG) in eight climate zones of Iran. Therefore, ten cities are selected from the eight climate conditions of Iran. An electricity pricing strategy is also implemented according to the electricity tariffs defined by the Ministry of Energy (MOE) of Iran. The proposed electricity pricing strategy is applied to the HOMER software for investigating the optimal system configuration, RES electricity generation, and the economics of each understudy city. Optimization results indicate that Urmia (in moderate and rainy climate zone) has the least net present cost (NPC) (−5839$) and levelized cost of energy (COE) (−0.0122 $/kWh), whereas Golestan (in semimoderate and rainy climate zone) has the highest NPC (4520 $) and COE (0.012 $/kWh). It is shown that the combination of photovoltaic (PV)/wind turbine (WT)/converter in the grid‐connected operation mode is the most economical configuration. Moreover, the cities with higher potentials of wind speed and solar irradiance have lower NPC and COE. It is concluded that the utilization of the battery energy storage (BES) is technically and economically infeasible for all eight climate zones, even if the stored electricity is sold to the grid. Two sensitivity analyses are conducted to the electricity feed‐in‐tariff (FiT) and solar module price, respectively. The first sensitivity analysis indicates that by increasing FiT, more contribution of RESs is seen, which leads to lower COE and NPC. Furthermore, the two cities of Urmia and Yazd have the highest NPC and COE reductions. The second sensitivity analysis studies the module price impacts on the NPC and COE of each understudy city. It is revealed that the PV module price has a considerable effect on NPC and COE. However, this effect is more significant in some cities such as Bam, where a linear relationship is seen between the module price and economic results (NPC and COE).

show abstract

“…En n St n S n (t) = U n (2) In this Equation, En n is upper limit of appliance which is available, while St n is lower limit of appliance which can be available based on hour. In addition, U n stands for the amount of time which appliances are used on a day or a specific period of a day.…”

Section: Proposed Demand Response (Dr) Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the last decades, renewable energy sources (RESs) have played a significant role in the generation of electricity and meeting consumers' requirement due to recent environmental concerns as well as excessive changes in weather conditions. Although using distributed generations (DGs) like wind turbine generators (WTGs), solar panels, diesel engine generators (DEGs), and energy storage systems (ESSs) such as battery energy storage systems (BESSs) as well as flywheel energy storage systems (FESSs) has brought definite advantages to the ecosystem, this trend may contribute to some new challenges such as complexity in the frequency control mechanism, modern power systems weaknesses, and voltage instability [1,2]. As a result, among all the mentioned problems, keeping a balance between consumption rate and generation level is one of the main challenges in relation to the low-inertia microgrids (MGs) due to lack of rotational masses [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordination between Demand Response Programming and Learning-Based FOPID Controller for Alleviation of Frequency Excursion of Hybrid Microgrid

2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, residential rate consumptions have increased due to modern appliances which require a high level of electricity demands. Although mentioned appliances can improve the quality of consumers’ lives to a certain extent, they suffer from various shortcomings including raising the electricity bill as well as serious technical issues such as lack of balance between electricity generation and load disturbances. This imbalance can generally lead to the frequency excursion which is a significant concern, especially for low-inertia microgrids with unpredictable parameters. This research proposes an intelligent combination of two approaches in order to alleviate challenges related to the frequency control mechanism. Firstly, a learning-based fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controller is trained by recurrent adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference (RANFIS) in the generation side during various operational conditions and climatic changes. In the following, a decentralized demand response (DR) programming in the load side is introduced to minimize consumption rate through controllable appliances and energy storage systems (ESSs). Furthermore, parameters uncertainties and time delay, which are generally known as two main concerns of isolated microgrids, are regarded in the frequency plan of a low-inertia microgrid including renewable energy sources (RESs), and energy storage systems (ESSs). Simulation results are illustrated in three different case studies in order to compare the performance of the proposed two methods during various operational conditions. It is obvious that the frequency deviation of microgrid can be improved by taking advantage of intelligent combination of both DR program and modern control mechanism.

show abstract

A Comparative Study between Traditional Backup Generator Systems and Renewable Energy Based Microgrids for Power Resilience Enhancement of a Local Clinic

Cited by 34 publications

References 27 publications

Day-Ahead Optimization of Prosumer Considering Battery Depreciation and Weather Prediction for Renewable Energy Sources

Day-Ahead Optimization of Prosumer Considering Battery Depreciation and Weather Prediction for Renewable Energy Sources

Techno‐economic comparative study of hybrid microgrids in eight climate zones of Iran

Coordination between Demand Response Programming and Learning-Based FOPID Controller for Alleviation of Frequency Excursion of Hybrid Microgrid

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About