A comparative study of 3 on 2 and 3 on 3 basketball games based on on-the-ball decision-making and off-the-ball movement performed with 6th grade elementary students

Abstract

: A comparative study of 3 on 2 and 3 on 3 basketball games based on on-the-ball decision-making and off-the-ball movement performed with 6th grade elementary students. Japan J. Phys. Educ. Hlth. Sport Sci. 53: 439-462.Abstract : The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of modified basketball games based on onthe-ball decision-making and off-the-ball movement. Two types of numerically modified basketball games, "3 on 2" and "3 on 3", were played by two 6th grade elementary PE classes. Twenty-four students participated in the 3 on 2 games, and 28 students in the 3 on 3 games. All games were videotaped, and the Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI) was used for data analysis. This instrument allows counting of the frequency of on-the-ball decision-making and off-the-ball support movement, and assists in judging the performance of students in situations such as shooting, passing, ball-keeping, and supporting, as to whether or not these are appropriate. The main findings are summarized as follows:1. The number of students who experienced on-the-ball decision-making and off-the-ball support situations, and the average frequencies of these experiences, were higher in the 3 on 2 games than in the 3 on 3 games.2. In the 3 on 2 games, the numbers of students who performed appropriate passing, ball-keeping, and support were significantly higher than in the 3 on 3 games (pϽ.001).3. The rates of appropriate shooting, passing, ball-keeping, and support were significantly higher in the 3 on 2 than in the 3 on 3 games (pϽ.01).The 3 on 2 basketball game was shown to be very effective, allowing upper elementary grade students to learn appropriate on-the-ball decision-making and off-the-ball support movement, in comparison with the 3 on 3 game.

Basic Research on Developing Methods for Teaching and Evaluating Off-Ball Movement in Elementary Physical Education Soccer: A Comparison of Game Performance with Regional Soccer Club

“…The findings also indicate a need to reevaluate the teaching and evaluation methods for off-ball movement. The criterion employed in this study for determining players capable of receiving the ball, namely, the absence of a defender between the ball carrier and the players, has been utilized in numerous prior studies (Griffin et al, 1999;Higashikawa et al, 2007;Onizawa et al, 2008;Goto & Seya, 2010;Goto & Seya, 2011;Adachi et al, 2013;Keino & Sukou, 2020) and is recommended as an evaluative measure in PE classes, as outlined in the Commentary on the Curriculum Guidelines for Elementary Schools (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), 2018). However, the findings of this study suggest that this criterion alone may be insufficient for assessing the group game performance of upper elementary school students.…”