A Comparative Study of Adolescent Risk Assessment Instruments

Abstract

ResumenEl presente trabajo tiene como finalidad determinar la utilidad del Inventario de Gestión e Intervención para Jóvenes (IGI-J), que se emplea tanto en la predicción de la conducta delictiva reiterada en jóvenes infractores, como en la implementación de programas de intervención apropiados para dicha población. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo con una muestra de 258 delincuentes juveniles que se hallaban cumpliendo una medida judicial. El instrumento que evaluó la predicción de la reincidencia es el Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (Hoge y Andrews, 2002), cuyo resultado de su adaptación al castellano es el IGI-J (Garrido, López y Silva, 2004). Los resultados indican que el IGI-J identifica correctamente el 66.7% de los reincidentes y el 68.8% de los no reincidentes, con un valor alpha de fiabilidad de 0,904. Respecto a la validez retrospectiva, el Área Bajo la Curva fue de .717, por lo que puede considerarse adecuada. Al comparar a sujetos que delinquieron únicamente antes de habérseles administrado el IGI-J con los no reincidentes; es decir, delincuentes primarios, hallamos que los reincidentes retrospectivos presentan un riesgo mayor en las ocho áreas del instrumento, con una probabilidad de significación muy elevadas (mayoritariamente p<0,000). Considerando sus limitaciones, el IGI-J es un buen instrumento para predecir la reincidencia de los jóvenes delincuentes. Finalmente, se discute el uso del instrumento para delimitar las metas factibles de un programa de intervención.Palabras clave: IGI-J, juicio clínico estructurado, delincuentes juveniles, predicción de la reincidencia, programas de intervención.

Gender and Risk Assessment in Juvenile Offenders: A Meta-Analysis

“…There were a large number of studies that met the first three criteria, but combined males and females when calculating the predictive validity of the YLS/CMI (Campbell, 2009;Catchepole & Gretton, 2003;Clarke, 2015;Cuervo & Villanueva, 2014;Guebert & Olver, 2014;Hilterman, Nicholls, & Nieuwenhuizen, 2013;Li, Chu, Goh, Ng, & Zeng, 2015;Livsey, 2005;Onifade, Barnes, Campbell, Anderson, Petersen, & Davidson, 2014;Onifade, Davidson, Livsey, Turke, Horton, Malinowski, Atkinson, & Wimberly, 2008;Onifade, Wilkins, Davidson, Campbell, & Petersen, 2011;Thompson & Pope, 2005;Peterson-Badali, Skilling, & Haquanee, 2015;Shepherd, Green, & Omobien, 2005;Shepherd, Singh, & Fullam, 2015;Upperton & Thompson, 2007;Vieira, Skilling, & Peterson-Badali, 2009;Welsh, Schmidt, McKinnon, Chattha, & Meyers, 2008). Since the research question addresses gender differences, these studies that did not separate males and females were excluded from the meta-analyses.…”

Examining relations between psychopathology and psychopathy dimensions among adolescent female and male offenders

“…Two recent studies found that among incarcerated adolescent females PCL:YV scores were not predictive of future offending [52,77]. The study of Welsh et al [82] examined the predictive and incremental validity in a male and female adolescent sample of three instruments used in youth risk assessments: The structured assessment of violence risk in youth (SAVRY) offered the most incremental predictive validity for general recidivism and violent recidivism whereas the PCL:YV followed closely behind.…”

Assessing risk of reoffending in adolescents who have committed a sexual offense: the accuracy of clinical judgments after completion of risk assessment instruments

“…In terms of predictive validity, the SAVRY has been shown to significantly predict both general and violent recidivism (Catchpole & Gretton, 2003;Dolan & Rennie, 2008). Welsh, Schmidt, McKinnon, Chattha, and Meyers (2008) found that in a sample of juvenile offenders the SAVRY was able to predict both general and violent reoffending above and beyond that of the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL-YV; Forth, Kosson, & Hare, 2003) and the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI; Hoge, Andrews, & Leschied, 2002). In addition, the SAVRY has also been found to significantly predict physical violence, rule violations and verbal threats in a sample of youth in residential treatment (Lodewijks, Doreleijers, de Ruiter, & Borum, 2008).…”