A comparative study of Euphorbia peplus, Euphorbia hirta and Euphorbia tirucalli based on DNA barcoding markers

Ahmed, Shawkat M.; Noureldeen, Ahmed

doi:10.30848/pjb2022-2(35)

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

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“…It was reported that the rbcl and ITS2 were able to provide a good resolution among the Euphorbia tirucalli , Euphorbia hirta , and Euphorbia peplus but showed only a minor change in the evolution taxa and phylogenetic tree. 39 These data are comparable to the results observed in this study as the phylogenetic tree and the distance matrix shows a minor change and were able to identify the closest species with a good matching percentage. The ITS is considered to be one of the most informative markers for species identification in plants, as it has a high degree of variation among different plant species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…These genetic and geography-based changes and their identification by rbcl and ITS were expressed by Shawkat and Ahmed, 2022 in a comparative study. It was reported that the rbcl and ITS2 were able to provide a good resolution among the Euphorbia tirucalli, Euphorbia hirta, and Euphorbia peplus but showed only a minor change in the evolution taxa and phylogenetic tree . These data are comparable to the results observed in this study as the phylogenetic tree and the distance matrix shows a minor change and were able to identify the closest species with a good matching percentage.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The chloroplast gene rbcL, matK, and trnH-psbA are the most frequently used barcode region, but the ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) marker has been also used in recent studies. , In a study, the ITS marker was used for DNA barcoding of Euphorbiaspecies, and the researchers found that this marker was able to effectively distinguish between Euphorbia subgenus and closely related species. It was reported that the ITS marker might be used to identify Euphorbia species and to verify the authenticity of the plant material used in conventional medicine and the pharmaceutical industry . Similarly, Akilabindu in 2019 used chloroplast rbcL and matK gene from Flacourtia inermis Roxb for barcoding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was reported that the ITS marker might be used to identify Euphorbia species and to verify the authenticity of the plant material used in conventional medicine and the pharmaceutical industry. 17 Similarly, Akilabindu in 2019 used chloroplast rbcL and matK gene from Flacourtia inermis Roxb for barcoding. It was reported that rbcL gene showed 100% similarity and matK gene showed 99.20% similarity with Flacourtia jangomas .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Standardization of Euphorbia tithymaloides (L.) Poit. (Root) by Conventional and DNA Barcoding Methods

Patil,

Imran,

Jaquline

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Adulteration and substitution of medicinal plants have become a matter of great concern in recent years. Euphorbia tithymaloides is one such medicinal plant that has gained importance but is often confused with other plants of the same species. In order to address this issue, this study aimed to conduct a conventional and molecular pharmacognostic study for the identification of the root of E. tithymaloides. The root of the plant was studied for the macroscopic observations, and then, the root was ground into coarse powder for microscopic studies and to determine the physiochemical properties. The powder was subjected to extraction with solvents such as ethanol, ethanol/water (1:1), hexane, and ethyl acetate. The extracts were then used for qualitative and quantitative (phenol, alkaloids, and flavonoids) phytochemical analysis. The molecular study was performed with the DNA barcoding technique. The DNA was extracted from the root of the plant, and its purity was examined by gel electrophoresis (1% w/v). The DNA was then amplified using an Applied Biosystems 2720 thermal cycler for the rbcL, matK, and ITS primers. The amplified primers were sequenced with a 3130 Genetic Analyzer, and the generated sequences were searched for similarity in the GenBank Database using the nucleotide BLAST analysis. The micro- and macroscopic studies revealed the morphological and organoleptic characters as well as the presence of medullary rays, fiber, cork, sclereids, parenchymal cells, and scalariform vessels. The physiochemical properties were found within the limit. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids. In addition, the alkaloidal content was high in the ethanol extract (63.04 ± 3.08 mg At E/g), while the phenol content was high in the hexane extract (10.26667 ± 1.77 mg At E/g), and the flavonoid content was high in the ethyl acetate extract (41.458 ± 1.33 mg At E/g). After the BLAST analysis from the GenBank database, the rbcL, ITS, and matK primers showed a similarity percentage of 99.83, 99.84, and 100. The phylogenetic tree for the species closest to each primer was generated using the MEGA 6 software. The matK loci had the highest percentage similar to the rbcL and ITS loci, indicating that the matK loci can be used to identify the root of E. tithymaloides as a standalone. The results from this study can be used to establish a quality standard for E. tithymaloides that will ensure its quality and purity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%