A comparative study of genetic diversity of populations of Nectria galligena and N. coccinea var. faginata in North America

Plante, F.; Hamelin, Richard; Bernier, Louis

doi:10.1017/s0953756201005329

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Results from Mahoney et al (1999) suggested that there was greater genetic diversity among Neonectria ditissima (as Neonectria galligena) than Neonectria faginata. Plante et al (2002) investigated the genetic variability of Neonectria ditissima (as Neonectria galligena) and Neonectria faginata (as N. coccinea var. faginata) with RAPD markers and using isolates representing an expanded host and geographic range for Neonectria ditissima.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic relationships of Neonectria/Cylindrocarpon on Fagus in North AmericaMention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture.

2006

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The relationship of two species of Neonectria associated with beech bark canker in North America was evaluated by comparing isolates of these and additional species of the Neonectria coccinea (Pers.:Fr.) Rossman & Samuels group found on Fagus. Gene regions in the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-α), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), and β-tubulin were sequenced and analyzed. Results indicate that the fungus associated with beech bark disease previously known as Neonectria coccinea var. faginata Lohman et al. (≡ Nectria coccinea (Pers.:Fr.) Fr. var. faginata Lohman et al.) should be recognized as a separate species, Neonectria faginata , distinct from Neonectria coccinea . Neonectria faginata including its anamorphic state, Cylindrocarpon faginatum C. Booth, is known only on Fagus in North America. A second species associated with beech bark disease in North America is Neonectria ditissima (Tul. & C. Tul.) Samuels & Rossman, which can be distinguished morphologically from Neonectria faginata based on ascospore size, conidial size and shape, and colony pigmentation. Morphological and molecular data indicate that Neonectria ditissima represents an older name for Neonectria galligena Bres. Similarly, the anamorphic state of Neonectria ditissima is the older epithet Cylindrocarpon heteronema with Cylindrocarpon willkommii as a synonym. Neonectria ditissima occurs on a variety of hardwood trees in North America and Europe. Neonectria coccinea occurs only on Fagus in Europe. Neonectria major (Wollenw.) Castl. & Rossman is recognized as a species that occurs only on Alnus in Canada (British Columbia), France, Norway, and the United States (Washington). The following nomenclatural changes are proposed: Neonectria faginata comb. and stat. nov., Neonectria fuckeliana comb. nov., Neonectria hederae comb. nov., Neonectria major comb. and stat. nov., and Neonectria punicea comb. nov.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic relationships of Neonectria/Cylindrocarpon on Fagus in North AmericaMention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture.

2006

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“…This pathogen can infect apple by either conidia or ascospores during all growth stages and attack trunks, branches, shoots and fruit. The main avenue for infection is leaf scars, but damage occurs also in pruning wounds, cracks and frost injuries (Metzler et al 2002;Plante et al 2002;Mccracken et al 2003;Xu & Robinson 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cut-off shoots method for estimation of partial resistance in apple cultivars to fruit tree canker caused byNeonectria ditissima

Ghasemkhani

Liljeroth

Sehic

et al. 2015

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Sc

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Fruit tree canker, caused by the fungus Neonectria ditissima, is an economically devastating disease in apple orchards, especially in north-western Europe. Complete resistance has not yet been reported in apple, but variation in levels of partial resistance has been described and could be valuable in plant breeding programmes. A screening method based on spore inoculation of manually inflicted leaf scars on cut shoots was evaluated for reliability and repeatability in discrimination of 11 apple cultivars during two years -2012 and 2013 -in two different facilities -biotron and standard greenhouse -and different time periods (February-May). The resulting cankers were counted (infection percentage), first appearance noted (incubation period) and lesion size measured at regular intervals during a period of 25-29 days for comparison of resistance levels. Results of two-way analysis of variance and correlation analyses showed that the area under the disease progress curve yielded the most robust data. This parameter was then applied for screening 30 apple cultivars using the same cut-shoot method. 'Elise' showed very high susceptibility, while the ornamental 'Prairifire' showed the highest level of partial resistance. Results suggested that cut shoots can be used to assess levels of resistance among cultivars, but great care must be taken to provide stable experimental conditions.

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“…Genetic analyses have been used to investigate the question of whether N. faginata may have been introduced to North America from Europe. This fungus exhibits lower genetic variability than N. ditissima and thus may be a more recent arrival to North America (Plante et al, 2002). In a comparison of genetic variability among N. faginata samples from North America versus N. coccinea samples from Europe, Mahoney et al (1999) similarly concluded that the former likely originated from a founder population, and thus was an introduction from Europe as hypothesized several decades earlier (Spaulding, 1948).…”

Section: Fungal Pathogens Neonectria Faginata and N Ditissimamentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Future work should seek to understand whether this insect interacts with beech scale and N. ditissima in causing beech mortality in killing front stands as well as the potential role of birch trees as reservoirs of X. betulae for beech infestations. (6) The history and origin of N. faginata remains unclear (Castlebury et al, 2006;Chaverri et al, 2011;Hirooka et al, 2013;Plante et al, 2002). Molecular biological techniques may help to clarify its genetic evolution and potential endophytic habit.…”

Section: New Concerns and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beech bark disease in North America: Over a century of research revisited

Cale

Garrison-Johnston

Teale

et al. 2017

Forest Ecology and Management

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American beech (Fagus grandifolia) in the eastern United States and Canada has experienced more than a century of mortality under a steady expansion of disease agents collectively causing beech bark disease (BBD). In North America, BBD consists of insect (e.g., Cryptococcus fagisuga [beech scale] and Xylococculus betulae) and phytopathogenic fungal (Neonectria faginata and N. ditissima) components that can variously interact with host and environment to cause extensive aboveground mortality of beech (i.e., killing front stage). This heavy mortality causes cascading impacts on forest ecosystems, resulting in altered biotic and abiotic conditions in which BBD-inducted mortality persists at reduced levels (i.e., aftermath stage). New evidence

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A comparative study of genetic diversity of populations of Nectria galligena and N. coccinea var. faginata in North America

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Phylogenetic relationships of Neonectria/Cylindrocarpon on Fagus in North AmericaMention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture.

Phylogenetic relationships of Neonectria/Cylindrocarpon on Fagus in North AmericaMention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture.

Cut-off shoots method for estimation of partial resistance in apple cultivars to fruit tree canker caused byNeonectria ditissima

Beech bark disease in North America: Over a century of research revisited

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