A Comparative Study of Hydrogen-Induced Cracking Resistances of API 5L B and X52MS Carbon Steels

Figueredo, Rodrigo Monzon; Oliveira, Mariana Cristina de; Paula, Leandro Jesus de; Acciari, Heloísa Andréa; Codaro, Eduardo Norberto

doi:10.1155/2018/1604507

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Moreover, the shape of the non-metallic inclusions is almost impossible to change by subsequent heat treatment. It was established [9][10][11]13] that some sulfide inclusions in carbon and low alloy steels act as initiators of corrosion cracking, while others do not affect this process. The occurrence of cracks is mainly due to the placement of specific non-metallic inclusions, and as the cracks grow, they become inter-granular.…”

Section: Solid State Phenomena Vol 313mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of the Pipelines Operation Term in Aggressive Environments on the Gas Content and Structure of Structural Steels

Макаренко

Fedorina

Bezpala

et al. 2021

SSP

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X-ray structural studies have shown that with the increase of the life of the pipes, the surface layers of the metal adsorb a significant amount of gases (hydrogen, oxygen and sulfur), especially this is strongly manifested in the field of corrosion defects (ulcers, pitting). Also, it was found that in the process of long-term operation, the metal of the pipe walls is heavily flooded, which directly leads to its brittle and, as a consequence, increased hardness and reduced ductility. Such studies are unique in the subject of corrosion-mechanical resistance of metal and its degradation during long-term operation in the presence of alternating loads and at the same time, the aggressive environments of oil and gas fields.

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Section: Solid State Phenomena Vol 313mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of the Pipelines Operation Term in Aggressive Environments on the Gas Content and Structure of Structural Steels

Макаренко

Fedorina

Bezpala

et al. 2021

SSP

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“…It is a well-known fact that gases, i.e. hydrogen, influence greatly the mechanical properties of carbon steels [10]. In addition to the negative impact on the viscoplastic properties of steel, hydrogen contributes to the formation of residual defects in the form of pores, microcracks, hot and cold cracks, which reduce inevitably its performance, including resistance against corrosion and mechanical destruction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural network analysis of safe life of the oil and gas industrial structures

Vynnykov,

Kharchenko,

Manhura

et al. 2024

Min. miner. depos.

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Purpose is to study safe life of industrial (metal) structures under long-time operation in the corrosive-active media of oil and gas wells with the help of neural network analysis. Methods. The MATLAB system (MATrix LABoratory) was selected as the tool environment for interface modelling; the system is developed by Math Works Inc. and is a high-level programming language for technical computations. Of the three existing learning paradigms, we used the “with teacher” learning process, as we believed that a neural network had correct answers (network outputs) for each input example. The coefficients were adjusted so that the network gave answers being as close as possible to the known correct answers. Findings. An artificial neural network has helped obtain a generalized diagram of the expected areas of high viscoplastic characteristics of carbon steels used to manufacture metal structures in the oil and gas industry. While applying the trained neural networks, generalized dependences of the corrosion rates of structural steels on the parameters of media with different concentrations of chlorine ions, sulphate ions, hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide, and oxygen ions were obtained; they were the basis to predict corrosion behaviour of steels. Originality. For the first time, the possibility of applying neural network modelling to predict local corrosion damage of structural pipe steels has been shown in terms of the “steel 20 – oxygen and chloride-containing medium” system. For the first time, the technological possibility has been demonstrated to use neural network analysis for engineering predictive assessment of corrosion activity of binary systems of simulated solutions, which are most often found under industrial conditions of the oil and gas sector of the economy. Practical implications. The proposed technology of using the neural network analysis will make it possible to expand a range of predicted values beyond experimental data, i.e. to predict the value of Vcor in very dilute or concentrated salt solutions within the acidified and neutral pH ranges. It should be noted that the error of the prediction results shown by the neural network will increase along with distancing from the scope of experimental data.

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“…Tube corrosion is influenced heavily by hydrogen and sulfur availability in the process medium. It has been identified by [3] that the samples where hydrogen content is 10 ml / 100 g and more experience fragile corrosion with numerous cracks in the fractured zone. Metal hydration plays a special negative role in the functional reliability of oil and gas pipelines operating in the chemically aggressive environments under alternating loads [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of the internal well equipment steel under continuous service in the corrosive and aggressive environments

Vynnykov¹,

Kharchenko²,

Manhura³

et al. 2023

Min. miner. depos.

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Purpose is to analyze steel degradation of the internal well equipment during its continuous service while contacting directly the corrosive environments. Methods. A range of research concerning the damaged metal tubes of the internal equipment for oil and gas wells, in particular regarding continuous service tubing, comprised both standard and specific studies involving different variations of X-ray spectral analysis with the use of scanning electron microscope JSM-35CF (JEOL Company, Japan) and SEM-515 with microanalyzer Link by Philips Company. The studied samples have been made of tubing in the period of the unauthorized and emergency well shutdowns; life of the wells is 0 up to 15 years. To analyze both structure and chemical composition of metal inclusive of such gases as oxygen and hydrogen, chippings were produced mechanically from various parts of tube walls. Findings. X-ray structural studies have made it possible to obtain data confirming cementite decay (Fe3С) in the tube metal during continuous operation of the internal well equipment. X-ray structural analysis methods have helped identify the parameters of crystal lattice of a matrix; and a level of elastic distortions of the lattice (i.e. microstresses of the distortions) has been evaluated as well as carbon distribution within ferrite and cementite. The abovementioned offered the possibility to describe both reason and mechanism of the reduced resistance to corrosion in the context of internal well equipment. Originality. New regularities under cementite decay in tube metal have been identified in addition to changes in the parameters of a crystal a lattice; microstresses of the lattice distortions; and carbon distribution within ferrite and cementite. The aforesaid helps explain in a new way both reason and mechanism of the reduced resistance to corrosion in the context of internal well structures operating continuously in aggressive environments. The basic sources and mechanisms of tube steel degradation, resulting from the metal hydrogenation and oxidation, have been defined which becomes the foundation to develop scientifically the substantiated measures mitigating the negative impact on the condition of the internal well facilities operating continuously in the chemically aggressive environments. Practical implications. Degrading hydrogen effect on the crystal lattice of metal has been proved. The effect creates conditions under which tube structures of oil and gas wells experience their failure.

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A Comparative Study of Hydrogen-Induced Cracking Resistances of API 5L B and X52MS Carbon Steels

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

The Influence of the Pipelines Operation Term in Aggressive Environments on the Gas Content and Structure of Structural Steels

The Influence of the Pipelines Operation Term in Aggressive Environments on the Gas Content and Structure of Structural Steels

Neural network analysis of safe life of the oil and gas industrial structures

Degradation of the internal well equipment steel under continuous service in the corrosive and aggressive environments

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