A Comparative Study of Intraplacental Villous Arteries by Latex Cast Model <i>in vitro</i> and Color Doppler Flow Imaging <i>in vivo</i>*

Mu, Jun; Kanzaki, Toru; Tomimatsu, Takuji; Fukuda, Hirotsugu; Fujii, Eriko; Fuke, Sawa; Wasada, Kenshi; Takeuchi, Hisaya; Murata, Yuji

doi:10.1111/j.1447-0756.2001.tb01273.x

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It is well accepted that a normal mature placenta is composed of about 25 cotyledons. 11 Observation of our placental casts 20 also revealed that each cotyledon is supplied by 2-3 IP arteries that branch off the chorionic plate. Accordingly, we assumed that each umbilical artery may supply about 25 IP arteries, and thus, the outflow from each IP vessel is 4% of the total perfusion from each umbilical artery.…”

Section: Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The IP vessels give rise to the villous trees or about 27 cotyledons that are the essential structures involved in material exchange between mother and fetus. [8][9][10][11] Classification of branching networks in bioengineering and physiology was commonly done by using the definitions of dichotomous and monopodial patterns. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] The dichotomous pattern defines a symmetric network that repeatedly branches into two fairly similar daughter vessels.…”

Section: Abstract: Placenta; Blood Perfusion; Dichotomous Bifurcationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fetal Blood Flow in Branching Models of the Chorionic Arterial Vasculature

Gordon

Eytan²,

Jaffa

et al. 2007

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Fetal development depends on adequate exchange of materials between the fetus and maternal circulatory systems, which requires optimal distribution of blood vessels over the chorionic plate to ensure perfusion of the whole placental volume. Based on a previous investigation of the architecture of the chorionic vessels in the human placenta, we developed in this study typical models for the dichotomous and monopodial segments of the chorionic arteries of a mature placenta. Each model also included some intraplacental (IP) vessels that branch off into the cotyledons perpendicular to the chorionic arteries. Computational analysis of steady blood flow through these models was performed to explore the distribution of fetal blood over the chorionic plate. The results demonstrated that energy losses are small in the monopodial model, which explains their efficient delivery of fetal blood over the chorionic plate in cases of a marginal cord insertion. On the other hand, the dichotomous model is efficient in distributing a relatively large volume of blood over large areas near the bifurcation. Accordingly, the combination of dichotomous and monopodial bifurcation in a normal chorionic plate ensures a uniform blood perfusion of the placenta. Simulations with narrow daughter and IP vessels did not result in significant changes in the main mother tubes, supporting clinical observations in which umbilical blood flow remains normal although some peripheral vessels may be occluded.

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Section: Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Abstract: Placenta; Blood Perfusion; Dichotomous Bifurcationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Blood Flow in Branching Models of the Chorionic Arterial Vasculature

Gordon

Eytan²,

Jaffa

et al. 2007

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…To date, most experimental placental imaging techniques are being used in post mortem specimens and consist of vascular corrosion casting and microcomputed tomography [28–30]. These techniques investigate normal villous vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, by (i) applications of corrosion casts and observations under a scanning electron microscope, (ii) injection of contrast medium, or (iii) using a classical microscope and manual 3D reconstructions of paraffin sections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These techniques investigate normal villous vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, by (i) applications of corrosion casts and observations under a scanning electron microscope, (ii) injection of contrast medium, or (iii) using a classical microscope and manual 3D reconstructions of paraffin sections. Though these techniques have improved over the years, they still provide qualitative evaluation of placental phenotypes [18, 28–30]. The advantage of the proposed technique is its specificity to target placental neovascularization, a key aspect of placental development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive and Quantitative Assessment ofIn VivoFetomaternal Interface Angiogenesis Using RGD-Based Fluorescence

Kéramidas

Lavaud

Sergent

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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Angiogenesis is a key process for proper placental development and for the success of pregnancy. Although numerous in vitro methods have been developed for the assessment of this process, relatively few reliable in vivo methods are available to evaluate this activity throughout gestation. Here we report an in vivo technique that specifically measures placental neovascularization. The technique is based on the measurement of a fluorescent alpha v beta 3 (α v β 3) integrin-targeting molecule called Angiolone-Alexa-Fluor 700. The α v β 3 integrin is highly expressed by endothelial cells during the neovascularization and by trophoblast cells during their invasion of the maternal decidua. Angiolone was injected to gravid mice at 6.5 and 11.5 days post coitus (dpc). The fluorescence was analyzed one day later at 7.5 and 12.5 dpc, respectively. We demonstrated that (i) Angiolone targets α v β 3 protein in the placenta with a strong specificity, (ii) this technique is quantitative as the measurement was correlated to the increase of the placental size observed with increasing gestational age, and (iii) information on the outcome is possible, as abnormal placentation could be detected early on during gestation. In conclusion, we report the validation of a new noninvasive and quantitative method to assess the placental angiogenic activity, in vivo.

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“…The hypo‐echoic space was intermingled with small, segmented, placental‐like tissues. Thorough examination using color Doppler flow imaging may be useful for detecting this abnormality of the villous trees 6 . Accordingly, when IUGR is accompanied by an unusual placenta with the above USG findings, cotyledonary‐like placenta with poor development of villous trees can be considered, and fetal well‐being should be monitored carefully.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cotyledonary‐like placenta associated with severe intrauterine growth restriction

Kita

Ohira

Ashida

et al. 2003

J of Obstet and Gynaecol

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There have been no previous reports of human placentas mimicking the cotyledonary placenta of ruminants. We report a case of cotyledonary-like placenta associated with severe intrauterine growth restriction. A woman pregnant for the first time was referred to our hospital at 27 weeks' gestation because of severe intrauterine growth restriction. Characteristics of the placenta in the patient were examined by ultrasonographical and histopathological techniques. Ultrasonography revealed that a hypo-echoic area intermingled with small segmented tissues in the placenta. The hypo-echoic area changed in size and shape according to uterine contractions. At 31 weeks' gestation, a caesarean section was performed because of non-reassuring fetal status. A female baby weighing 814 g was delivered. The placenta, which weighed 260 g, contained several long stem villi running over a distance of 6 to 7 cm without branching into intermediate or terminal villi. Small villous tissues had developed only at the tips of these stem villi. The present case shows an extraordinarily abnormal development of the villous trees in the placenta, which may have caused fetal IUGR and non-reassuring fetal status.

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A Comparative Study of Intraplacental Villous Arteries by Latex Cast Model in vitro and Color Doppler Flow Imaging *in vivo**

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Fetal Blood Flow in Branching Models of the Chorionic Arterial Vasculature

Fetal Blood Flow in Branching Models of the Chorionic Arterial Vasculature

Noninvasive and Quantitative Assessment ofIn VivoFetomaternal Interface Angiogenesis Using RGD-Based Fluorescence

Cotyledonary‐like placenta associated with severe intrauterine growth restriction

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A Comparative Study of Intraplacental Villous Arteries by Latex Cast Model in vitro and Color Doppler Flow Imaging in vivo*

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Fetal Blood Flow in Branching Models of the Chorionic Arterial Vasculature

Fetal Blood Flow in Branching Models of the Chorionic Arterial Vasculature

Noninvasive and Quantitative Assessment ofIn VivoFetomaternal Interface Angiogenesis Using RGD-Based Fluorescence

Cotyledonary‐like placenta associated with severe intrauterine growth restriction

Contact Info

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A Comparative Study of Intraplacental Villous Arteries by Latex Cast Model in vitro and Color Doppler Flow Imaging *in vivo**