A comparative study of manganese and lead levels in human umbilical cords and maternal blood from two urban centers exposed to different gasoline additives

Smargiassi, Audrey; Takser, Larissa; Masse, André; Sergerie, Martin; Mergler, Donna; St-Amour, Geneviève; Blot, Philippe; Hellier, Georgette; Huel, Guy

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(01)01071-3

Cited by 54 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…When compared with the previously reported concentrations in cord whole blood in other countries (Table 4) [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], higher Se concentration and lower Pb concentration was noted in this study. No clear-cut threshold for Se deficiency has been established, 100 ng/g might be a candidate level because above this level correlation with glutathione peroxidase activity diminishes [30].…”

Section: Se CD and Pb Concentrations In Cord Bloodsupporting

confidence: 62%

Cadmium, Lead, and Selenium in Cord Blood and Thyroid Hormone Status of Newborns

Iijima

Otake

Yoshinaga

et al. 2007

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and selenium (Se) concentrations in cord whole blood, sampled from 24 women at the time of delivery in a hospital in Tokyo in 2005, were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with a reaction cell. Signal enhancement caused by nonspectroscopic interference for Se was evident and the standard addition technique was essential for correcting the interference. Median concentration in cord bloods was 0.20 ng/g, 6.7 ng/g (0.67 microg/dL), and 191 ng/g for Cd, Pb and Se, respectively. Lead concentration was lower, whereas Se concentration was higher, than those reported in other countries. The trace element concentration was related to the levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxin (fT4) in the neonatal blood sampled at 4-6 days postpartum. A significantly negative correlation was observed between Cd concentrations in cord blood and TSH concentration in neonatal blood. The result indicated the possible effect of in utero Cd exposure on thyroid hormone status of newborns and that Cd exposure level should be assessed as a covariate in the survey on the relationship between in utero chemicals (e.g., PCBs) exposure and thyroid hormone status.

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Section: Se CD and Pb Concentrations In Cord Bloodsupporting

confidence: 62%

Cadmium, Lead, and Selenium in Cord Blood and Thyroid Hormone Status of Newborns

Iijima

Otake

Yoshinaga

et al. 2007

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…In studies published from 2000 onwards where no specific source of environmental exposure was identified by the authors and the women were not resident in major cities in developing countries where there are likely to be high levels of pollution, BLL in pregnancy have ranged from a mean value of 1.8±1.63 µg/dl (n = 211; USA) [6] to 2.1 µg/dl (n = 160, Canada) [30] (Table 4). With regard to the UK, the most recent study to our knowledge reporting BLL in pregnancy is that of Watt et al (1996) [26], who found levels of 3.65 µg/dl (Glasgow; geometric mean) in a small group of women (n = 138) in 1991.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Factors Predicting Blood Lead Levels in Pregnant Women in the UK: The ALSPAC Study

et al. 2013

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BackgroundLead is a widespread environmental toxin. The behaviour and academic performance of children can be adversely affected even at low blood lead levels (BLL) of 5–10 µg/dl. An important contribution to the infant's lead load is provided by maternal transfer during pregnancy.ObjectivesOur aim was to determine BLL in a large cohort of pregnant women in the UK and to identify the factors that contribute to BLL in pregnant women.MethodsPregnant women resident in the Avon area of the UK were enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) in 1991–1992. Whole blood samples were collected at median gestational age of 11 weeks and analysed by inductively coupled plasma dynamic reaction cell mass spectrometry (n = 4285). Self-completion postal questionnaires were used to collect data during pregnancy on lifestyle, diet and other environmental exposures. Statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS v19.ResultsThe mean±SD BLL was 3.67±1.47 (median 3.41, range 0.41–19.14) µg/dl. Higher educational qualification was found to be one of the strongest independent predictor of BLL in an adjusted backwards stepwise logistic regression to predict maternal BLL <5 or ≥5 µg/dl (odds ratio 1.26, 95% confidence interval 1.12–1.42; p<0.001). Other predictive factors included cigarette smoking, alcohol and coffee drinking, and heating the home with a coal fire, with some evidence for iron and calcium intake having protective effects.ConclusionThe mean BLL in this group of pregnant women is higher than has been found in similar populations in developed countries. The finding that high education attainment was independently associated with higher BLL was unexpected and currently unexplained. Reduction in maternal lead levels can best be undertaken by reducing intake of the social drugs cigarettes, alcohol and caffeine, although further investigation of the effect of calcium on lead levels is needed.

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“…At 34-weeks gestation, the mean blood manganese level among a group of Australian women was 13 μg/L (SD = 4 μg/L) (i.e., mean (SD) = 230 (68) nmol/L)[35]. Higher manganese concentrations were reported in a mother-infant cohort living near a Superfund site in northeast Oklahoma (median = 22 μg/L; 5 th , 95 th percentiles: 13 μg/L, 41 μg/L)[16], and among groups of women in Montreal, Canada (mean = 23 μg/L; 5 th , 95 th percentiles: 6 μg/L, 52 μg/L)[46], and Paris, France (mean = 23 μg/L; 5 th , 95 th percentiles: 12 μg/L, 40 μg/L [46]; and GM = 20 μg/L; 5th, 95th percentiles: 11 μg/L, 40 μg/L [12]). The differences in blood manganese levels between studies may be due to differences in analysis method (e.g., Takser et al 2003 and 2004, Smargiassi et al 2002, and Spencer 1999 used atomic absorption spectrometry, while Zota et al 2009 used ICP-MS), but may also be due to differences in environmental exposure levels or to differences in a factor related to manganese absorption/metabolism (e.g., iron status).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of iron metabolism genes with blood manganese levels: a population-based study with validation data from animal models

et al. 2011

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BackgroundGiven mounting evidence for adverse effects from excess manganese exposure, it is critical to understand host factors, such as genetics, that affect manganese metabolism.MethodsArchived blood samples, collected from 332 Mexican women at delivery, were analyzed for manganese. We evaluated associations of manganese with functional variants in three candidate iron metabolism genes: HFE [hemochromatosis], TF [transferrin], and ALAD [δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase]. We used a knockout mouse model to parallel our significant results as a novel method of validating the observed associations between genotype and blood manganese in our epidemiologic data.ResultsPercentage of participants carrying at least one copy of HFE C282Y, HFE H63D, TF P570S, and ALAD K59N variant alleles was 2.4%, 17.7%, 20.1%, and 6.4%, respectively. Percentage carrying at least one copy of either C282Y or H63D allele in HFE gene was 19.6%. Geometric mean (geometric standard deviation) manganese concentrations were 17.0 (1.5) μg/l. Women with any HFE variant allele had 12% lower blood manganese concentrations than women with no variant alleles (β = -0.12 [95% CI = -0.23 to -0.01]). TF and ALAD variants were not significant predictors of blood manganese. In animal models, Hfe-/- mice displayed a significant reduction in blood manganese compared with Hfe+/+ mice, replicating the altered manganese metabolism found in our human research.ConclusionsOur study suggests that genetic variants in iron metabolism genes may contribute to variability in manganese exposure by affecting manganese absorption, distribution, or excretion. Genetic background may be critical to consider in studies that rely on environmental manganese measurements.

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A comparative study of manganese and lead levels in human umbilical cords and maternal blood from two urban centers exposed to different gasoline additives

Cited by 54 publications

References 23 publications

Cadmium, Lead, and Selenium in Cord Blood and Thyroid Hormone Status of Newborns

Cadmium, Lead, and Selenium in Cord Blood and Thyroid Hormone Status of Newborns

Environmental Factors Predicting Blood Lead Levels in Pregnant Women in the UK: The ALSPAC Study

Associations of iron metabolism genes with blood manganese levels: a population-based study with validation data from animal models

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