A comparative study of quality of life and disability among schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder patients in remission

Abstract

Background:Persons with long-term psychiatric disorders have greater deficits in living skills as well as greater problems in employment and relationship to their social environment. Thus, chronic psychiatric illnesses have psychosocial consequences such as disability and impaired quality of life (QOL) due to their symptomatology and chronic course.Objectives:Assessment and comparison of disability and QOL of patients suffering from schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in remission phase.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study carried out in the psychiatry outpatient Department of Mental Health Institute, S.C.B. Medical College and Neuropsychiatric Consultation Centre, Cuttack. The study sample consisted of fifty cases of each groups (schizophrenia and OCD), which included both males and females. All of them were assessed through the World Health Organization-QOL BREF and Indian Disability Evaluation and Assessment Scale.Results:Results revealed that schizophrenics have poor QOL and greater disability burden than patients of OCD.Conclusion:These psychiatric illnesses, i.e. schizophrenia and OCD, affect all areas of daily functioning leading to greater disability, and thus increasing the burden on the family, imposing greater challenges for the rehabilitation of these patients and their inclusion in the mainstream of the family and society.

Minireview on the Connections between the Neuropsychiatric and Dental Disorders: Current Perspectives and the Possible Relevance of Oxidative Stress and Other Factors

“…Thus, as stressed out in this review, although it was clearly described that most of the neuro-psychiatric patients could have up to 2.7 higher risk of losing all their teeth [ 4 ], there is still a poor understanding of the connectivity between these two areas of research, as well as between the specialists working in these 2 fields.…”

“…Dental disorders have a multifactorial origin, being correlated with an umbrella of risk factors and disorders going from the existence of transmitters in the teeth, oral infestation by insects or worms [ 1 ], feeling that the upper part of the mouth is pushing to the brains (press case report by our group) to the faulty personal hygiene in dementia [ 2 ], schizophrenia [ 3 ] or mental retardation [ 4 ], and peaking with the removal of all healthy teeth, e.g., in schizophrenia, in just 6 months and refusal of prosthodontic treatment [ 5 ]. Risk factors for a bereft dental hygiene even in healthy patients with an otherwise healthy oral state are vitamin B deficits related to alcohol abuse [ 6 ], considering that alcohol and drug consumption is toxic per se for teeth, and perhaps oxidative stress implications in this context [ 7 , 8 ], as well as the lack of an appropriate and equilibrated diet.…”

Plasticity-Related Activity in the Hippocampus, Anterior Cingulate, Orbitofrontal, and Prefrontal Cortex Following a Repeated Treatment with D2/D3 Agonist Quinpirole

“…Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by intrusive thoughts followed by repetitive physical and/or mental acts. Currently, OCD is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide [ 1 ] with an immense impact on the well-being of patients and their relatives [ 2 ]. Fortunately, in past decades, our understanding of OCD has greatly advanced, allowing the development of several pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies of OCD [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Metabolic Disorders

“…Obsession is always accompanied by considerable anxiety, and compulsive behaviors or mental rituals aim to counteract the distress of obsessive thoughts, impulses, and images (Brock and Hany, 2022). OCD is considered one of the top 10 disabling conditions, with considerable associated economic and health burdens (Swain and Behura, 2016) and psychosocial dysfunction (Hollander et al, 2016; Jansen et al, 2020). The comorbidity rate of OCD is as high as 90% (Stein et al, 2019), and comorbidities include bipolar disorder (BD) (Dell'Osso et al, 2020), major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (Brakoulias et al, 2017), schizophrenia (Bener et al, 2018), and autism (Martin et al, 2020), among others.…”