A Comparative Study of the Incidence of Vacuolated Neurones in the Medulla from Apparently Healthy Sheep of Various Breeds

Zlotnik, I.; Rennie, James

doi:10.1016/s0368-1742(58)80046-6

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…It is clearly not scrapie as the other more typical spongiform changes associated with that disease based on a fi ner swelling of axons and dendrites were not present. Similar vacuoles are found in the neurons of brainstem nuclei in up to 70% of clinically normal sheep of different breeds, although the prevalence in any one section is much lower (Zlotnick and Rennie 1958). For example, 12% of normal sheep had neuronal vacuoles in a single section of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve (AC Johnstone, unpubl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Segmental axonopathy of Merino sheep in New Zealand

Jolly

Johnstone

Williams³

et al. 2006

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

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The disorder is the same as that described in Merinos in Australia as segmental axonopathy, and believed to have an inherited aetiology. The lesions and protein changes indicate abnormalities of the cytoskeleton, its relationship with the myelin sheath, and myosin Va molecular motor. The consequence appears to be abnormal axonal transport and inability to maintain the integrity of axons and their myelin sheaths.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Segmental axonopathy of Merino sheep in New Zealand

Jolly

Johnstone

Williams³

et al. 2006

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

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“…However, these data also indicate that a simplistic interpretation of anti-PrP immunostaining, based on the presence or absence of staining, is inadequate for an accurate diagnosis of scrapie in sheep. The recognition of patterns of PrP deposition present in normal sheep, as with the patterns of incidental neuronal vacuolation (Zlotnik and Rennie 1958), is essential to avoid false-positive diagnoses. Reliance must be placed on the presence of recognised disease-associated types of PrP deposit, in particular in the The Veterinary Record, January 6, 2001 NINE dogs which were lame and had radiographic signs of osteoarthritis of the hip were assessed as being between 11 to 12 per cent heavier than their ideal weight.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Scrapie By Anti-prp Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical detection of PrP in the medulla oblongata of sheep: the spectrum of staining in normal and scrapie‐affected sheep

et al. 2001

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Sections of the medulla oblongata from the brains of sheep were examined for prion protein (PrP) by immunohistochemistry. On the basis of the morphology and neuroanatomical distribution of the deposits, distinct disease-associated patterns of PrP deposition were identified in scrapie-affected sheep, suggesting at least four distinct phenotypes of scrapie. In addition, clearly defined patterns of PrP deposition, readily distinguished from the disease-associated PrP deposits, were identified in some normal sheep from scrapie-free flocks. In five sheep, believed to be preclinically affected by scrapie, PrP deposition of a disease-specific type but of restricted distribution was identified, demonstrating the sensitivity of the technique for the diagnosis of scrapie. The neuroanatomical distribution of these early PrP deposits suggest that the route of entry of the scrapie agent into the brain is via parasympathetic motor neurons in the vagus nerve which innervate the gastrointestinal tract.

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“…Spongiform change can also be seen in other diseases, such as rabies, other viral diseases [14,29,88], and hepatic encephalopathies. They may be encountered as a genetic or congenital problem [62,63,102], as an incidental finding in normal sheep [126], or even as an artefact [108].…”

Section: Spongiform Encephalopathies Of Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to investigating transmission of spongiform encephalopathies in domestic animals using BSE as an example

et al. 2008

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-Bovine spongiform encephalopathy was a novel spongiform encephalopathy, in an hitherto unaffected species, that had characteristics of a point source epidemic, with an agent that could have been incorporated into a wide variety of feedstuffs and iatrogenically administered to naïve populations, and there was early evidence that it was not restricted to bovines. It was vital to establish, albeit experimentally, which other species might be affected, and whether the epidemic could be maintained by natural transmission, if the source was removed. In contrast, scrapie has been endemic throughout Great Britain for centuries, is maintained naturally (even if we don't know exactly how) and has a known host range. The principles, process and integration of evidence from different types of studies, however, are similar for both of these transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) and can be applied to any emerging or suspected spongiform encephalopathy. This review discusses the experimental approaches used to determine TSE transmissibility and infectivity and how they relate to natural disease and control measures.

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A Comparative Study of the Incidence of Vacuolated Neurones in the Medulla from Apparently Healthy Sheep of Various Breeds

Cited by 30 publications

References 5 publications

Segmental axonopathy of Merino sheep in New Zealand

Segmental axonopathy of Merino sheep in New Zealand

Immunohistochemical detection of PrP in the medulla oblongata of sheep: the spectrum of staining in normal and scrapie‐affected sheep

Approaches to investigating transmission of spongiform encephalopathies in domestic animals using BSE as an example

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