A comparative study of the cure characteristics, processability, mechanical properties, ageing, and morphology of rice husk ash, silica and carbon black filled 75 : 25 NR/EPDM blends

Arayapranee, Wanvimon; Rempel, Garry L.

doi:10.1002/app.28111

Cited by 57 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This phenomenon has been also reported by other researchers (Mousa, 2001;Chang, 2002;Kim, 2003). Resilience data reported in Table 5 decrease with increasing the clay content up to 7 wt.% indicating reduced elasticity of matrix which is an indirect measure of good interactions established between clay and matrix (Arayapranee, 2008). The increment of crosslink density with clay content (as described earlier) might lead to the decrease in the resilience of nanocomposites.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 58%

Elastomer Nanocomposites Based on NR/EPDM/Organoclay: Morphology and Properties

Alipour

Naderi

Bakhshandeh

et al. 2011

International Polymer Processing

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Natural rubber/Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (NR/ EPDM) blends of five different compositions (0/100), (25/75), (50/50), (75/25) and (100/0) with 1, 3, 5 and 7 phr organo-modified nanoclay (Cloisite 15A) were prepared by two-roll mill. The effect of organo-modified layered nanosilicates and composition on the cure characteristics, microstructure, mechanical, and rheological properties of the nanocomposites were studied. Results suggested the intercalation of polymer chains into the silicate layers which was evidenced by d-spacing results of X-ray diffraction patterns. TEM micrographs also directly confirmed XRD results. Mechanical properties of the nanocomposites depicted a nearly 40 % percents increase respectively in the tensile modulus of 75NR/25EPDM containing 7 wt.% nanoclay. 2 Experimental 2.1 Material Natural rubber (SMR 20), EPDM (KEP 270), nano-clay and the curing system (Zinc Oxide, Sulfur, Stearic Acid, MBTS 48 Ó Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich Intern. Polymer Processing XXVI (2011) 1

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Section: Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 58%

Elastomer Nanocomposites Based on NR/EPDM/Organoclay: Morphology and Properties

Alipour

Naderi

Bakhshandeh

et al. 2011

International Polymer Processing

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“…At higher uGNPs loadings, the added filler failed to support the stress transferred from the matrix, suggesting poor interfacial interactions between uGNPs and NR/EPDM matrices. Poor adherence in the filler matrix could give rise to the formation of voids in the interphase, which would decrease the mechanical properties of filled rubber [27]. Moreover, the separation and dispersion of uGNPs at higher loading may not be assisted by high viscosity and molecular weight of NR/EPDM blends, which reduces the ductility of produced samples.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Nr/epdm Blends Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Both scenarios may assist crosslink formation during the vulcanization time by promoting the accelerator systems to interact to each other for polysulfide formation [52]. Hence, adding GNPs-PEI tends to reduce t c90 and t s2 or accelerate the vulcanization process, but still efficiently cures the NR/EPDM blends [24,27]. The cure rate index (CRI) is a measurement of the vulcanization rate based on the differences between the t c90 and t s2 .…”

Section: Processability Evaluation Of Nr/epdm Blends By Cure Charactementioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the case of NR/EPDM rubber, poor environmental resistance behavior of the NR phase is significantly backed up by the presence of EPDM rubber phase, without sacrificing too much of NR's unique mechanical properties [26,27]. Improvement in the poor ozone resistance of NR can be achieved by blending it with low-unsaturated rubbers such as EPDM (highly saturated and non-reactive) [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Effects of poly(ethyleneimine) adsorption on graphene nanoplatelets to the properties of NR/EPDM rubber blend nanocomposites

et al. 2015

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The facile approach of non-covalent surface treatment utilizing poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) polymer was applied to modify graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). The effects of surface modification and various GNPs-PEI loadings to cure characteristic, mechanical, physical, and morphological properties of natural rubber (NR)/ethylenepropylene-diene-monomer (EPDM) blend nanocomposites were studied and compared to the unfilled NR/EPDM blend and blends filled with unmodified GNPs at similar loadings. We found that the modification of GNPs surface significantly influences the properties of NR/EPDM blends. The addition of GNPs significantly improved the blend's processability, offering approximately a 104.30 % increase in tensile strength obtained with the addition of 5.00 wt% GNPs-PEI. A reduced swelling index of Q f /Q g in parallel with an increase in modified GNPs-PEI content revealed enhancements in terms of rubber-filler interactions between the NR/EPDM matrix and GNPs. These findings were further supported by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry analysis, and fracture morphology by scanning electron microscope.

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“…The rubber-filler interaction will impose higher restriction in the mobility of the rubber's macromolecular chains, consequently increasing the value of M H (Arayapranee and Rempel 2008). Even though the commercial fillers have the tendency to reinforce the composites compared to RP, the partial replacement of 10 phr rattan powder with commercial filler reduced M H .…”

Section: Curing Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Partial Replacement of Rattan Powder by Commercial Fillers on the Properties of Natural Rubber Composites

Muniandy¹,

Ismail²,

Othman³

2012

BioResources

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The effects of partial replacement of rattan powder (RP) by carbon black (CB), mica, and calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) on the curing characteristics, tensile properties, rubber-filler interaction, and morphological studies of natural rubber (NR) composites were investigated. Rattan powder with an average particle size of less than 180 µm was used in this study. NR/RP/CB, NR/RP/mica, and NR/RP/CaCO 3 composites with five different RP/commercial fillers loadings (i.e. 30/0, 20/10, 15/15, 10/20, 0/30 phr) were prepared using a laboratory size two-roll mill. Results showed that the maximum torque (M H ) of the NR/RP/CB, NR/RP/mica, and NR/RP/CaCO 3 composites increased with increasing the commercial filler-loading ratio. The scorch time (t s2 ) and cure time (t 90 ) of NR/RP/CB composites decreased as the ratio of CB loading was increased, whereas, t s2 and t 90 of NR/RP/mica and NR/RP/CaCO 3 composites increased as mica and CaCO 3 loading ratio were raised, respectively. The tensile strength, elongation at break (E b ), stress at 100% elongation (M100), and stress at 300% elongation (M300) of all the composites increased as the commercial filler-loading ratio increased. This is due to the presence of the commercial filler, which brought a better rubber-filler interaction, as confirmed by the rubber-filler interaction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies.

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A comparative study of the cure characteristics, processability, mechanical properties, ageing, and morphology of rice husk ash, silica and carbon black filled 75 : 25 NR/EPDM blends

Cited by 57 publications

References 35 publications

Elastomer Nanocomposites Based on NR/EPDM/Organoclay: Morphology and Properties

Elastomer Nanocomposites Based on NR/EPDM/Organoclay: Morphology and Properties

Effects of poly(ethyleneimine) adsorption on graphene nanoplatelets to the properties of NR/EPDM rubber blend nanocomposites

Effects of Partial Replacement of Rattan Powder by Commercial Fillers on the Properties of Natural Rubber Composites

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