A comparative study of the policy response to COVID-19 in the ASEAN region: A dynamic simulated ARDL approach

Abstract

The COVID-19 epidemic is the most significant global health disaster of this century and the greatest challenge to humanity since World War II. One of the most important research issues is to determine the effectiveness of measures implemented worldwide to control the spread of the corona virus. A dynamic simulated Autoregressive-Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach was adopted to analyze the policy response to COVID-19 in the ASEAN region using data from February 1, 2020, to November 8, 2021. The results of unit root concluded that the dependent variable is integrated of order one while the independent variables are stationarized at the level or first difference, and the use of a dynamic simulated ARDL technique is appropriate for this paper. The outcomes of the dynamic simulated ARDL model explored that government economic support and debt/contract relief for poor families is substantially important in the fight against COVID-19. The study also explored that closing schools and workplaces, restrictions on gatherings, cancellation of public events, stay at home, closing public transport, restrictions on domestic and international travel are necessary to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Finally, this study explored that public awareness campaigns, testing policy and social distancing significantly decrease the spread of COVID-19. Policy implications such as economic support from the government to help poor families, closing schools and public gatherings during the pandemic, public awareness among the masses, and testing policies must be adopted to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Moreover, the reduction in mortality shows that immunization could be a possible new strategy to combat COVID-19, but the factors responsible for the acceptability of the vaccine must be addressed immediately through public health policies.

The impacts of COVID-19 on seafood prices in Japan: A comparison between cheap and luxury products

“…Furthermore, there are previous studies investigating the impacts of human mobility changes related to COVID-19 on markets other than seafood such as those examining the effects on Japanese fuel prices [26], levels of CO 2 emissions [27], agricultural commodity markets in developing economies [28], and food prices in Europe [29], seafood safety and human health [30], and policy response to COVID-19 in the ASEAN region [31]. For a study examining the impact of the pandemic on Japanese fisheries, Sugimoto et al [32] surveyed stakeholders of Japanese fisheries including scientists involved in the seafood business and fisheries sector to reveal negative changes in 2020 sales compared to a year earlier caused by the pandemic.…”

A sustainable NEV manufacturer-retailer system under the Nash bargaining framework: considering the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic under the CVaR criterion

“…Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, each national government put forward a series of policies to resist the epidemic impact, and many scholars investigated the effectiveness of these policies. For example, Ahmed et al (2023) and Khan et al (2021) adopted ARDL approach or the PMG-ARDL model to analyze the government policy response to COVID-19 epidemic and indicated that government economic support, debt/contract relief, stringency, and health and containment measures play a significant role in the fight against COVID-19 epidemic. In China, some scholars conducted researches on the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on China's national economy and social production and life, such as Xue and Sha (2020), Li (2020), Zheng et al (2020).…”