A comparative study on effects of static electric field and power frequency electric field on hematology in mice

Di, Guoqing; Gu, Xiaolei; Lin, Qinhao; Wu, Sixia; Kim, Hak Bong

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.071

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Several established and familiar treatment methods and devices involving EF have been used globally in various treatments, including transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation and vagal nerve stimulation, as therapies for depression, epilepsy, dementia, and pain. Although the electric current induced in the body and the perception of EFs by the skin surface could trigger cellular and humoral responses in certain organisms, our understanding of the mechanism of the biological effects induced by EF is not sufficient [ 3 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. This is because the effect of EF is not clear; furthermore, the physical properties of EF, which is invisible and easily disturbed by obstacles, may be involved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-Reducing Effect of a 50 Hz Electric Field in Mice after Repeated Immobilizations, Electric Field Shields, and Polarization of the Electrodes

Harakawa

Nedachi²,

Shinba

et al. 2022

Biology

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In BALB/c mice, immobilization-increased plasma glucocorticoid (GC) levels are suppressed by extremely low frequency (ELF) electric fields (EF). The aim of this study was to advance our understanding of the biological effects of ELF-EF, using its suppressive effect on the GC response. Mice were exposed to a 50 Hz EF of 10 kV/m via a parallel plate electrode and immobilized as needed. We examined the suppressive effect of ELF-EF on GC level change after repeated immobilizations, electrode polarization, and EF shielding of different portions of the mouse body parts. Additionally, bodyweight changes owing to stress and EF were examined. Immobilization-induced reduction in the plasma GC levels was reproduced in mice with stress and EF exposure, regardless of the stress episode numbers and electrode polarization. Furthermore, when the head of mice was shielded from the EF, the suppressive effect was possibly relatively lower than that when the abdomen was shielded. The bodyweight of the mice decreased for 3 days after immobilization before recovering; ELF-EF did not affect the bodyweight. Thus, to elicit the biological effects of the EF, not only the size of the area where the EF is distributed but also the area where the field is distributed should be important. The results also confirmed the stableness of the present experimental system, at least in terms of the stress-reducing effect. In addition, the restriction in this study caused weight loss, but ELF-EF was not considered to affect it. The results improve the understanding of the biological effect and medical applications of ELF-EF.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-Reducing Effect of a 50 Hz Electric Field in Mice after Repeated Immobilizations, Electric Field Shields, and Polarization of the Electrodes

Harakawa

Nedachi²,

Shinba

et al. 2022

Biology

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“…EMFs modulate the efficiency of cell death by altering the expression of calmodulin (CaM) and CaM-dependent proteins [42]. In summary, various in vitro and in vivo experimental studies highlighted here for their scientific quality [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] agree that the effect of ELF-MF (modulated or unmodulated) at the immune cell level depends on the oxidative status. Non-ionizing radiation in the 35-50 Hz frequency range and intensity of 1 to 7mT modulates antioxidant enzymes, increasing intracellular calcium levels, favouring therapy after cerebral vascular accidents, by modulating apoptosis caused by cytotoxic agents.…”

Section: Emf-induced Redox Stress May Modulate Apoptosis And/ or Necr...mentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Thus, excess oxidative stress occurs in patients with hypersensitivity to EMF caused by impairment of their oxidative detoxification systems. Mice were exposed to 35 kV/m SEF (0 Hz) and PFEF (50 Hz), after exposure of 7, 14 and 21 days, respectively [38,39]. Conversely, ELF-EMF exposure can modify antioxidant action and decrease intracellular defensive activity, thus promoting DNA damage.…”

Section: Emf-induced Redox Stress May Modulate Apoptosis And/ or Necr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Electromagnetic Fields Modulate Inflammation and Cell Death by Acting on the Immune System?

López-Martín,

Sueiro-Benavides,

Leiro-Vidal

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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Programmed cell death constitutes a fundamental part of the immune response to viral infection. This process forms part of the host defence mechanism and also enables establishment of biomarkers of disease severity. Natural or anthropogenic sources of microwaves emit energy and may alter the ecology of the COVID-19 virus in the environment. Determining the associated effects on the immune system and on the health of hosts with COVID-19 disease is thus important. In this review paper, we consider studies analyzing the influence of electromagnetic fields on innate and acquired immune responses in humans, and above all on preclinical experimental animal models and in vitro models, and we also consider studies analyzing immunity acquired from COVID-19 infections associated with cell death. We focus on the effects of electromagnetic fields and the influence of oxidative stress on stimulation or immunomodulation, the inflammatory response, autoimmunity and the participation of intracellular calcium channels in the immunology of COVID-19 disease. Non-ionizing radiation can activate or reduce the inflammatory response, oxidative stress and the entry of intracellular calcium and can facilitate or reduce cell death. The review of experimental study findings indicates that exposure to non-ionizing radiation can also have a bidirectional effect on the immune system, either slowing down or enhancing the processes that lead to the cell death associated with COVID-19 disease.INDEX TERMS cell death, COVID-19, immune cells, electromagnetic fields, non-ionizing radiation.

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“…Several well-established therapeutic methods and devices using EF, including transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and vagal nerve stimulation, are used worldwide for treating depression, epilepsy, dementia, and pain. Electric currents induced in vivo and the perception of EF at the skin surface can induce cellular and humoral responses in certain organisms; however, the mechanisms of the biological effects induced by EFs are not well understood [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. This is because the effects of EFs are not clear and involve the physical properties of these invisible and easily disturbed fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of Glucocorticoid Response in Stressed Mice Using 50 Hz Electric Field According to Immobilization Degree and Posture

Harakawa

Hori

Hiramoto³

et al. 2022

Biology

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Various studies on immobilized BALB/c mice to evaluate changes in hormone levels associated with stress responses have advanced the characterization of multiple aspects of the biological actions of extremely low-frequency (ELF) electric fields (EFs). In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of mouse posture on its stress responses and evaluate the importance of adjusting the stress degree in the model. Mice were immobilized inside centrifuge tubes and exposed to an ELF EF generated between parallel plate electrodes. Blood was collected under anesthesia immediately after EF exposure, and plasma glucocorticoids were assayed. The inhibitory effects of EFs on glucocorticoid elevation by immobilization were reproduced regardless whether mice were in the abdominal or lateral recumbent position, for the EF vector delivered to mice through the sagittal or frontal plane. The effect of ELF EF was reproduced in moderately and mildly stressed mice but not in severely immobilized mice. Hence, adjusting the stress degree is critical to the reproducibility of the results for this model. We characterized the effects of ELF EF on homeostasis, including the stress response, and provided valuable information for the scientific evaluation of the biological risks and medical applications of ELF EF.

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A comparative study on effects of static electric field and power frequency electric field on hematology in mice

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Stress-Reducing Effect of a 50 Hz Electric Field in Mice after Repeated Immobilizations, Electric Field Shields, and Polarization of the Electrodes

Stress-Reducing Effect of a 50 Hz Electric Field in Mice after Repeated Immobilizations, Electric Field Shields, and Polarization of the Electrodes

Can Electromagnetic Fields Modulate Inflammation and Cell Death by Acting on the Immune System?

Suppression of Glucocorticoid Response in Stressed Mice Using 50 Hz Electric Field According to Immobilization Degree and Posture

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