A comparative study revealed first insights into the diversity and metabolisms of the microbial communities in the sediments of Pacmanus and Desmos hydrothermal fields

Abstract

Currently, little is known about the microbial diversity in the sediments of Pacmanus and Desmos hydrothermal fields in Manus Basin. In this study, Illumina-based sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons and metagenomic analysis were conducted to investigate the microbial populations and metabolic profiles in the sediments from four different regions in Pacmanus and Desmos hydrothermal fields. It was found that Gammaproteobacteria and Thaumarchaeota were the most abundant bacterial and archaeal populations, respectively. The autotrophic prokaryotes in the four communities probably fixed CO2 via four major pathways, i.e. Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle, reductive acetyl-CoA cycle, rTCA cycle, and 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle. Ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota, nitrifiers, denitrifiers, and sulfur oxidizers belonging to the subgroups of Proteobacteria (e.g., alpha, beta, gamma, and epsilon), Nitrospira, and Nitrospina, and sulfate-reducing Desulfobacterales likely played critical roles in nitrogen and sulfur cycling, in which ammonia, sulfur compounds, and hydrogen could be utilized as potential energy sources. These findings revealed new insights into the operational mechanism of the microbial communities associated with Pacmanus and Desmos hydrothermal fields.

Taphonomy of microorganisms and microbial microtextures at sulfidic hydrothermal vents: A case study from the Roman Ruins black smokers, Eastern Manus Basin

“…This inference holds true for the hydrothermal vent fields from the Eastern Manaus Basin of Papua New Guinea, from which microbial communities including chemoautotrophic and chemoheterotrophic microorganisms dependent on sulfur, nitrogen, or hydrogen metabolisms have been reported (e.g. Kimura et al, 2003; Meier et al, 2019; Takai et al, 2001; Wang et al, 2017).…”

Diversity and characterization of bacteria associated with the deep-sea hydrothermal vent crab Austinograea sp. comparing with those of two shallow-water crabs by 16S ribosomal DNA analysis

“…sinensis are moderate, while the habitat of Austinograea sp. is one of the most extreme environments on Earth, where bacterial diversity (7.20–8.27 for Shannon) may be much greater than other marine microbial diversity [ 38 , 49 ]. The highest diversity of microbial communities observed in the gill of Austinograea sp.…”

“…Desmos and Pacmas are the two fields in the Manus Basin, where low pH and high concentrations of H 2 S and SO 4 2- were detected [ 37 ]. Other environment data and microbial communities in the sediments of these two sites have been published by Wang et al [ 38 ]. Fresh intestines and gills of E .…”

Hydrothermal Energy Transfer and Organic Carbon Production at the Deep Seafloor

“…Iron oxidizers not only play a role in mineral sulfide alteration, they also expand the carbon fixation capacity of vent systems long after hydrothermal circulation has ceased (Glynn et al, 2006;Li et al, 2017). Chemoautotrophic iron oxidizers have been described from rocks and sediment samples from inactive areas (Emerson and Moyer, 2002;Edwards et al, 2003) More recently, Wang et al (2017) revealed new insights into the operational mechanism of the microbial communities associated with Pacmanus and Desmos hydrothermal sediments. Gammaproteobacteria were the most abundant bacterial populations.…”