A Comparative Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of 0.1 Percent Pemirolast Potassium Ophthalmic Solution Dosed Twice or Four Times a Day in Patients with Seasonal Allergic Conjunctivitis

Gous, Petrus; Ropo, Auli

doi:10.1089/108076804773710812

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Pemirolast potassium is a mast cell stabilizer with proven efficacy in both the prophylaxis and treatment of AC [ 213 , 214 , 215 ]. In experimental animal models, the addition of levocabastine potentiates these effects [ 216 ].…”

Section: Novel Delivery Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Targets in Allergic Conjunctivitis

Labib

Chigbu

2022

Pharmaceuticals

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Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is a common condition resulting from exposure to allergens such as pollen, animal dander, or mold. It is typically mediated by allergen-induced crosslinking of immunoglobulin E attached to receptors on primed conjunctival mast cells, which results in mast cell degranulation and histamine release, as well as the release of lipid mediators, cytokines, and chemokines. The clinical result is conjunctival hyperemia, tearing, intense itching, and chemosis. Refractory and chronic cases can result in ocular surface complications that may be vision threatening. Patients who experience even mild forms of this disease report an impact on their quality of life. Current treatment options range from non-pharmacologic therapies to ocular and systemic options. However, to adequately control AC, the use of multiple agents is often required. As such, a precise understanding of the immune mechanisms responsible for this ocular surface inflammation is needed to support ongoing research for potential therapeutic targets such as chemokine receptors, cytokine receptors, non-receptor tyrosine kinases, and integrins. This review utilized several published articles regarding the current therapeutic options to treat AC, as well as the pathological and immune mechanisms relevant to AC. This review will also focus on cellular and molecular targets in AC, with particular emphasis on potential therapeutic agents that can attenuate the pathology and immune mechanisms driven by cells, receptors, and molecules that participate in the immunopathogenesis and immunopathology of AC.

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Section: Novel Delivery Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Targets in Allergic Conjunctivitis

Labib

Chigbu

2022

Pharmaceuticals

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“…It acts by inhibiting type-1 immediate hypersensitivity reaction. Pemirolast inhibits eosinophil chemotaxis and blocks the antigen induced release of inflammatory agents such as histamine, leukotrienes C4, D4 and E4 [32, 33]. Lodoxamide is approximately 2500 times more potent than sodium cromoglycate in different animal models.…”

Section: Drugs For the Treatment Of Allergic Conjunctivitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Patents and Emerging Therapeutics in the Treatment of Allergic Conjunctivitis

Mishra¹,

Tamboli²,

Jwala³

et al. 2011

IAD

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Ocular allergy is an inflammatory response of the conjunctival mucosa that also affects the cornea and eyelids. Allergic conjunctivitis includes seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC), perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC), vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) and giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC). In general, allergic conditions involve mast cell degranulation that leads to release of inflammatory mediators and activation of enzymatic cascades generating pro-inflammatory mediators. In chronic ocular inflammatory disorders associated with mast cell activation such as VKC and AKC constant inflammatory response is observed due to predominance of inflammatory mediators such as eosinophils and Th2-generated cytokines. Antihistamines, mast-cell stabilizers, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, corticosteroids and immunomodulatory agents are commonly indicated for the treatment of acute and chronic allergic conjunctivitis. In recent years newer drug molecules have been introduced in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. This article reviews recent patents and emerging therapeutics in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.

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“…3 Many clinical trials have verified pemirolast potassium (PP) efficiently prevents and relieves allergic conjunctivitis. [4][5][6] PP is one of the mast cell stabilizers that can inhibit the antigen-induced release of chemical mediators from mast cells. 7,8 In addition, when combined with levocabastine, it can enhance the therapeutic effect in experimental allergic conjunctivitis in rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo and in vitro Evaluation of in situ Gel Formulation of Pemirolast Potassium in Allergic Conjunctivitis

Shen

Yang

2021

DDDT

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Background: To establish a novel delivery system of pemirolast potassium-loaded gellan gum in situ gel in allergic conjunctivitis therapy. Methods: The prepared in situ gels were studied in the following aspects: in vitro gelation, in vitro release, stability, viscosity measurement, in vivo tear kinetics and pharmacodynamics. Results: In this study, the results showed that the viscosity of the in situ gels significantly increased when the preparation was in contact with simulated tear fluid and it also exhibited good stability in a period of three months. In vitro release showed that the release of pemirolast potassium from in situ gels had a good sustained release ability. No ocular damage or abnormal clinical signs to the cornea, iris, or conjunctivae were visible. Consistent with the in vitro studies, pemirolast potassium in situ gels were highly efficient in suppressing the inflammatory symptoms and improving the ocular bioavailability. Conclusion: Pemirolast potassium ocular in situ gels are safe and promising therapeutic alternatives to the existing medications for allergic conjunctivitis therapy.

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A Comparative Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of 0.1 Percent Pemirolast Potassium Ophthalmic Solution Dosed Twice or Four Times a Day in Patients with Seasonal Allergic Conjunctivitis

Abstract: B.i.d. dosing was statistically non-inferior to q.i.d. dosing with respect to itching and hyperemia. Both regimens were similarly well tolerated in allergic conjunctivitis patients.

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Therapeutic Targets in Allergic Conjunctivitis

Therapeutic Targets in Allergic Conjunctivitis

Recent Patents and Emerging Therapeutics in the Treatment of Allergic Conjunctivitis

In vivo and in vitro Evaluation of in situ Gel Formulation of Pemirolast Potassium in Allergic Conjunctivitis

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