A Comparison between Cloud Samples and Close-In Ground Fallout Samples from Nuclear Ground Bursts

Tompkins, Robert C.; Russell, I.J.; Nathans, M.W.

doi:10.1021/ba-1970-0093.ch021

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…This is consistent with either in-situ melting of soil and/or molten material being swept into the fireball and raining back down onto the soil below (Hermes and Strickfaden, 2005). In contrast, aerodynamic glassy fallout (also known as fallout beads or spherules) usually appears glassy throughout and exhibits spheroidal, near-spheroidal, or dumbbell shapes, consistent with fusing while still aloft (Miller, 1960;Crocker et al, 1965;Tompkins et al, 1970;Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially-resolved analyses of aerodynamic fallout from a uranium-fueled nuclear test

Lewis

Knight

Matzel

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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Five silicate fallout glass spherules produced in a uranium-fueled, near-surface nuclear test were characterized by secondary ion mass spectrometry, electron probe microanalysis, autoradiography, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Several samples display compositional heterogeneity suggestive of incomplete mixing between major elements and natural U ((238)U/(235)U = 0.00725) and enriched U. Samples exhibit extreme spatial heterogeneity in U isotopic composition with 0.02 < (235)U/(238)U < 11.84 among all five spherules and 0.02 < (235)U/(238)U < 7.41 within a single spherule. In two spherules, the (235)U/(238)U ratio is correlated with changes in major element composition, suggesting the agglomeration of chemically and isotopically distinct molten precursors. Two samples are nearly homogenous with respect to major element and uranium isotopic composition, suggesting extensive mixing possibly due to experiencing higher temperatures or residing longer in the fireball. Linear correlations between (234)U/(238)U, (235)U/(238)U, and (236)U/(238)U ratios are consistent with a two-component mixing model, which is used to illustrate the extent of mixing between natural and enriched U end members.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially-resolved analyses of aerodynamic fallout from a uranium-fueled nuclear test

Lewis

Knight

Matzel

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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Generating aerodynamic surrogate nuclear explosion debris (SNED)

Liezers

Endres²,

Carman

et al. 2018

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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The ⁴¹Ca bomb pulse and atmospheric transport of radionuclides

Zerle¹,

Knie²,

Korschinek³

et al. 1997

J. Geophys. Res.

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The model has been applied to calculate the bomb pulses of 14C; 36C1; 41Ca; øøSr, and 137Cs. For the transport of radionuclides that are attached to aerosols such as 41Ca, 9øSr, and 137Cs, sedimentation (gravitational settling) in the upper stratosphere has been taken into account. It has been found that the deposition of bomb-produced 36C1 on the Earth's surface is delayed compared to that of øøSr by about 1 year because 36C1 stays gaseous in the stratosphere. The model can also be used to calculate the deposition of cosmogenic radionuclides, e.g.,36C1 and 1øBe, in their natural archives, such as polar ice sheets.

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A Comparison between Cloud Samples and Close-In Ground Fallout Samples from Nuclear Ground Bursts

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Spatially-resolved analyses of aerodynamic fallout from a uranium-fueled nuclear test

Spatially-resolved analyses of aerodynamic fallout from a uranium-fueled nuclear test

Generating aerodynamic surrogate nuclear explosion debris (SNED)

The ⁴¹Ca bomb pulse and atmospheric transport of radionuclides

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A Comparison between Cloud Samples and Close-In Ground Fallout Samples from Nuclear Ground Bursts

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Spatially-resolved analyses of aerodynamic fallout from a uranium-fueled nuclear test

Spatially-resolved analyses of aerodynamic fallout from a uranium-fueled nuclear test

Generating aerodynamic surrogate nuclear explosion debris (SNED)

The 41Ca bomb pulse and atmospheric transport of radionuclides

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Product

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The ⁴¹Ca bomb pulse and atmospheric transport of radionuclides