A Comparison of Amino Acid Sequences of Hepatitis B Virus S Gene in 46 Children Presenting Various Clinical Features for Immunoprophylaxis.

Miyake, Yoshishige; Oda, Takaya; Li, Rou; Sugiyama, Kohachiro

doi:10.1620/tjem.180.233

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Each serum sample (100 l) was incubated at 65°C for 2 hr in the presence of proteinase K (150 g/ ml), 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5 mM ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid, and 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0). TTV DNA was extracted from the serum using the phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol procedure described previously [Miyake et al, 1996]. Extracted DNA was precipitated with cold ethanol in the presence of carrier transfer RNA (5 g) and was dissolved in 50 l of 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Route of TT virus infection in children

et al. 1999

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TT virus (TTV) is a novel viral agent, detected recently in non-A to E hepatitis cases. Little is known about its natural history or routes of transmission in childhood. For the detection of serum TTV DNA, semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out using TTV-specific primers and TTV nucleotide sequences were determined by the dideoxy chain-mediated termination method. Five of the 70 children studied (including 20 hepatitis B virus [HBV] carriers, 40 children born to HBV carrier mothers and 10 children born to hepatitis C virus [HCV] carrier mothers) had serum TTV DNA. Three of the 5 children had siblings (4 in total), so that a total of 9 children were studied to determine the time of initial serum TTV DNA detection. In the 8 seropositive children, the time of serum TTV DNA detection ranged from 6 to 14 months after birth, and TTV DNA persisted thereafter throughout the follow-up period. The TTV DNA-negative child was assessed most recently at 6 months of age. TTV DNA was detected in only 2 of the 4 mothers tested (families 2 and 3). When 271-bp TTV DNA fragments from each of the 8 children were sequenced, the degree of homology between siblings in families 1-3 was 100%, 99.5%, and 92.3%, respectively. The degree of homology between child-mother pairs of families 2 and 3 was 99.5-100% and 62. 6-63.9%, respectively. The distribution of different TTV strains was consistent within families, except for family 3. None of the TTV-infected children had elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase or clinical signs of liver disease.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Route of TT virus infection in children

et al. 1999

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“…DNA was extracted from 100 l of the serum obtained from each patient using the phenol-chroloformiosamyl alcohol procedure described previously [Miyake et al, 1996]. Seminested PCR was performed using a set of primers synthesized according to the published TTV sequence [Okamoto et al, 1998].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection rates of TT virus among children who visited a general hospital in Japan

et al. 1999

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Recently, genomic DNA of the novel TT virus (TTV) was isolated from patients suffering from posttransfusion hepatitis of unknown etiology. We examined sera from 197 children who visited the Department of Pediatrics at Toyohashi National Hospital. Sera were tested for TTV DNA by seminested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a set of primers synthesized according to the published TTV sequence. Ten children were found to be positive for TTV (5.1%). All positive PCR products were directly sequenced in both directions using a fluorescent dye terminator cycle sequencing system. The sequences were compared by a multiple sequence alignment and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. The phylogenetic tree showed that two of the TTV isolates found in the present experiment did not belong to any of the phylogenetic groups previously reported.

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“…Mutations near the MHR can alter group-specific antigenicity even though the mutations are not within the MHR. [899495] Monoclonal antibody binding assays have also shown that residues 178-186 are exposed on the surface of the 20 nm particle. [96] This is the region which specifies the q sub-determinant.…”

Section: Escape Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus S gene escape mutants

Purdy¹

2007

Asian J Transfus Sci

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be classified into nine immunological subtypes or eight genotypes. The most prevalent genotypes in Asia are genotypes B and C. HBV is transmitted parenteraly and can produce either asymptomatic or symptomatic disease. Although the consequences of acute hepatitis B can be severe, serious sequelae are associated with chronic infections. HBV seroprevalence ranges from intermediate (2%-7%) to high (≥8%) levels in Asia. Several strategies for the control and prevention of HBV infection have been found to be efficacious. They include vaccination and the administration of HBIG, interferon-a and nucleoside/nucleotide analogues. However, these procedures also apply selective pressures on HBV in infected individuals leading to the generation and accumulation of mutations in the S gene. Most of these mutations occur in the major hydrophilic region (MHR) of the S gene. These mutations create public health concerns as they can be responsible for reactivation of hepatitis B and occult hepatitis B infection. The inability to detect occult infections means that these individuals may become blood donors. This suggests that new strategies for donor evaluation and selection may need to be developed to protect the blood supply.

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A Comparison of Amino Acid Sequences of Hepatitis B Virus S Gene in 46 Children Presenting Various Clinical Features for Immunoprophylaxis.

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Route of TT virus infection in children

Route of TT virus infection in children

Detection rates of TT virus among children who visited a general hospital in Japan

Hepatitis B virus S gene escape mutants

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