A comparison of anticonvulsant efficacy and action mechanism of Mannitol vs Phenytoin in adult rat neocortical slices

Serafini, Ruggero

doi:10.1016/j.ibror.2017.09.002

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…An epileptic sharp-wave results from synchronization of individual EPSPs. A proposed mechanism for epileptic hypersynchrony, whether synaptic [13,14] or not (see [15], for a discussion), must provide an adequate account of the quantitative scale of synchronizing synapses and of the short time window of epileptic sharp-waves. For example, sharp-waves' amplitude is of several hundreds of microvolts, whereas the amplitude of a unitary EPSP has been estimated in the range of 0.02-0.1 μV (for examples, see simulations in [16]; and [7]).…”

Section: Low-voltage Field Potential Oscillations Preceding the Sharp-wave Prolong The Duration Of Ied Onset And May Facilitate Epilepticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human neocortical interictal epileptiform discharges are initiated by a low-voltage negative polarity wave

Serafini

2020

Seizure

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In between seizures, the brain of a patient with epilepsy will generate isolated, sporadic discharges (interictal epileptiform discharges [IEDs]). IED identification enables clinicians to diagnose epilepsy, and an understanding of IED waveforms may yield new insights into basic epilepsy mechanisms. I show that intracranial EEGs disclose a previously unreported negative polarity, low-voltage pre-potential at IED onset (i.e., a negative wave [n-wave]). I describe the features of n-waves and propose a plausible mechanism of their generation. Method: In intracranial EEGs of the human neocortex, I assessed n-waves' occurrence, anatomical location, amplitude, kinetics, and association with the subsequent positive pre-potential. I computed a model simulation of IED onset to identify plausible mechanisms behind n-wave generation. Results: N-waves manifested in 40% of patients, in zones with and without seizures, and without a statistically significant prevalence in their anatomical location. These waveforms exhibited voltages of 140+42 μV and durations of 39.9+12.2 msec and were coupled with a positive pre-potential. In simulations of IED onset, nwaves can be generated by sequential recruitment of distinct microfoci over superficial cortical laminae. Conclusions: N-waves represent an overlooked component of IED waveforms. They prolong the duration of IED onset and can facilitate synaptic hypersynchrony. They may also be associated with chronic epilepsy. Subjects/materials and methodsI performed a retrospective review of intracranial EEGs obtained at the University of Utah between 2012 and 2016. Data analysis was conducted during a project aimed at identifying the features of IEDs

show abstract

Section: Low-voltage Field Potential Oscillations Preceding the Sharp-wave Prolong The Duration Of Ied Onset And May Facilitate Epilepticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human neocortical interictal epileptiform discharges are initiated by a low-voltage negative polarity wave

Serafini

2020

Seizure

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Results of the assay are shown in Table 6. So far, this simple UV spectrophotometric method can be used for the estimation of Phenytoin (Bansal et al, 2017;Gujjar et al, 2017;Jouyban-Gharamaleki et al, 2017;Kopsky and Keppel Hesselink, 2017;Margiotti et al, 2017;Selioutski et al, 2017;Serafini, 2017;Sridharan and S, 2017;Teo et al, 2017;Uribe-San-Martín et al, 2017), which is validated as per ICH guidelines.…”

Section: Specificitymentioning

confidence: 99%

UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection forms

Int¹

2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.

show abstract

“…Several RG components, including aucubin, acteoside, catalpol, and mannitol, were screened to determine whether they have anticonvulsant effects, and catalpol, mannitol, and their combination were chosen for further assessment. Recently, using LiCl/pilocarpine, electroencephalography (EEG), or extracellular field recording in brain slice, some studies have reported that catalpol or mannitol might have anticonvulsant effects (Haglund and Hochman, 2005;Serafini, 2017;Gao et al, 2018), however, their roles remain unclear. In this study, their protective effects as well as that of their combination against electroshock-or chemically (PTZ or strychnine)-induced seizures, were evaluated in mice.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalpol and Mannitol, Two Components of Rehmannia glutinosa, Exhibit Anticonvulsant Effects Probably via GABA_A Receptor Regulation

Kim

Acharya

Botanas

et al. 2019

Biomol Ther (Seoul)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Epilepsy, characterized by recurrent and unpredictable seizures, is one of the most common neurological disorders (Fisher et al., 2005) that can develop in any person at any age (Hauser, 1992). Its causes vary, and each patient's seizure symptoms are different. The exact mechanism of epilepsy is still unknown, and approximately 50 million people worldwide struggle with its management. Additionally, approximately 20-25% of the people diagnosed with epilepsy do not respond to the currently available antiepileptic drugs, and present recur-ring seizures as well as adverse side effects (Begley et al., 2000;Fisher et al., 2000;Schmidt and Schachter, 2014). In a survey study on more than 10,000 epilepsy patients, up to 50% of them reported various side effects after taking antiepileptic drugs (Fisher et al., 2000). Consequently, there is growing interest in the development of new drugs with fewer side effects such as natural or herbal products (Quintans Júnior et al., 2008;Woo et al., 2011).Rehmannia glutinosa (RG) has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat a variety of health issues. For example, it has been reported to exhibit anti-oxidative, anti-

show abstract

A comparison of anticonvulsant efficacy and action mechanism of Mannitol vs Phenytoin in adult rat neocortical slices

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Human neocortical interictal epileptiform discharges are initiated by a low-voltage negative polarity wave

Human neocortical interictal epileptiform discharges are initiated by a low-voltage negative polarity wave

UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection forms

Catalpol and Mannitol, Two Components of Rehmannia glutinosa, Exhibit Anticonvulsant Effects Probably via GABA_A Receptor Regulation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

A comparison of anticonvulsant efficacy and action mechanism of Mannitol vs Phenytoin in adult rat neocortical slices

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Human neocortical interictal epileptiform discharges are initiated by a low-voltage negative polarity wave

Human neocortical interictal epileptiform discharges are initiated by a low-voltage negative polarity wave

UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection forms

Catalpol and Mannitol, Two Components of Rehmannia glutinosa, Exhibit Anticonvulsant Effects Probably via GABAA Receptor Regulation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Catalpol and Mannitol, Two Components of Rehmannia glutinosa, Exhibit Anticonvulsant Effects Probably via GABA_A Receptor Regulation