A Comparison of Autorefraction and Subjective Refraction With and Without Cycloplegia in Primary School Children

Choong, Yee Fong; Chen, Ai Hong; Goh, Pik Pin

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2006.01.084

Cited by 191 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…6 Cycloplegia increases the accuracy of the Retinomax and other autorefractors when used on children. 7,8 By 36 months of age, we were able to achieve similar (98%) testability with the Retinomax with cycloplegia with the stricter confidence reading (≥8) recommended by the manufacturer (Fig 1). In fact, 69% of 1-year-olds and 94% of 2-year-olds are testable in both eyes with strict reliability criteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Testability of the Retinomax Autorefractor and IOLMaster in Preschool Children

et al. 2008

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Purpose-To determine the testability of Retinomax and IOLMaster ocular biometry in preschool children. Design-Population-based study of inner city preschool children in Los Angeles County.Participants-Two thousand five hundred forty-five Hispanic and 2178 African American children 6 to 72 months old.Methods-Subjects were identified by door-to-door screening within previously identified contiguous census tracts. Pediatric ophthalmologists or optometrists performed comprehensive eye examinations on all subjects. Refractive error and keratometry measurements were attempted on all subjects with the Retinomax autorefractor after cycloplegia. Axial length measurements with the IOLMaster partial coherence interferometer were attempted on those subjects ages 30 to 72 months.Main Outcome Measures-Ability to obtain high confidence autorefraction readings or axial length measurements on both eyes.Results-Overall, 89% were testable in both eyes with the Retinomax device, and 91% of the children were testable with the IOLMaster. Testability rose sharply with age, so that by age 36 months 98% of children were testable with the Retinomax device and 90% were testable with IOLMaster. There were no consistent gender-or ethnicity-related differences in testability overall or when stratified by age for either device.Correspondence and reprint requests to Rohit Varma, MD, MPH, Doheny Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, 1450 San Pablo Street, Room 4900, Los Angeles, CA 90033-9224. rvarma@usc.edu. * For members of the Study Group, see "Appendix" (available at http://aaojournal.org).The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in the article. . These devices can also be used in the management of amblyogenic cataracts for calculating intraocular lens (IOL) power and postoperative spectacle or contact lens correction. The reliability of these and other biometric technologies has been validated in adults but has not been thoroughly validated in preschool children. The purpose of this study is to determine the testability of these two instruments in a large population-based cohort of preschool Hispanic and African American children. HHS Public Access Materials and MethodsThe Multi-ethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study (MEPEDS) is a population-based study designed to (1) estimate and compare the prevalence of strabismus, amblyopia, and refractive error in a sample of African American, Asian American, Hispanic/Latino, and non-Hispanic Caucasian 6-to 72-month-olds and (2) evaluate the association of selected demographic, behavioral, biological, and ocular risk factors with these ocular disorders. To date, examination of the African American and Hispanic/Latino populations has been completed. Assessment of the other ethnic groups is being initiated. Thus, we are reporting the results for African American and Hispanic/Latino children only.Subjects are identified by door-to-door screening of families within 35 previously identified contiguous census tracts in Los Angeles County. The details of th...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Testability of the Retinomax Autorefractor and IOLMaster in Preschool Children

et al. 2008

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“…However, in a study it was demonstrated that accommodation may not be completely neutralized. 3 It may be especially important in children who have high accommodative reserve.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though their measurement were not found exactly correct, found compatible with retinoscopy. 1,3,[12][13][14] Based on this information, we just aimed to investigate the correlation of measurements provided by Plusoptix S08 and a standard autorefractor (it was Topcon RM-8000B in our clinic), not to investigate the accuracy of Plusoptix S08. The main question was "May Plusoptix S08 considered as a standard autorefractor?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plusoptix S08 -Plusoptix GmbH, Nuremberg, Germany). [1][2][3] In addition, few autorefractometers work on slightly different principals. Such as, Grand Seiko/Shin-Nippon (Grand Seiko Co., Ltd., Fukuyama, Japan) works on the principal of imaging the magnification of a shape reflected from the retina and Canon R-1 (Canon Inc., Tokyo, Japan) works on position of the peak intensity of light as a lens passed through three beams of light reflected off the retina.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Objective measurement of refractive errors: Comparison of plusoptix s08 with a standard autorefractometer

Demirel

Bilak²,

Cumurcu³

et al. 2013

J Clin Exp Invest

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, Cemil Çolak 4ÖZET Amaç: Çocuklarda ve erişkinlerdeki refraksiyon kusuru ölçümünde, Plusoptix S08 ile standart bir oto refraktometre (Topcon RM 8000B) ölçümlerinin karşılaştırılması.Yöntemler: Yaş ortalaması 8.06 ± 2.89 yıl olan 110 çocu-ğun 220 gözü Plusoptix S08 ile sikloplejisiz olarak, Topcon RM-8000B otorefraktometresiyle sikloplejili olarak ölçüldü. Elde edilen değerler karşılaştırıldı. Ayrıca, yaş ortalaması 33,3 ± 13,4 olan 127 yetişkinin 254 gözü, Plusoptix S08 ve Topcon RM 8000B otorefraktometre ile sikloplejisiz olarak ölçülerek, bu ölçümlerin karşılaştırması yapıldı. Tüm ölçümler üç kez tekrarlandı. Ortalama sferik, silindirik, sferik ekivalan ve silindirik aks değerleri istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı. Methods: 220 eyes of 110 children, with a mean age of 8.06 ± 2.89 years old were examined to compare noncycloplegic measurements provided by Plusoptix S08 and cycloplegic measurements provided by Topcon RM-8000B autorefractometer. In addition, 254 eyes of 127 adults, with a mean age of 33.3 ± 13.36 years old were examined to compare non-cycloplegic refractive measurements provided by Plusoptix S08 and Topcon RM 8000B autorefractometer. All measurements were repeated three times. Median sphere, cylinder, spherical equivalent and cylindrical axes as Jackson cross cylinder power measurements (J0 and J45) were compared statistically. Results Conclusion:Plusoptix S08 has a myopic misspelled according to Topcon-RM8000B autorefractometer in children. However, measurements provided with Plusoptix S08 were more hyperopic than those with Topcon RM-8000B autorefractometer in adults. J Clin Exp Invest 2013; 4 (1): 40-46

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“…First, although autorefractive keratometry is a precise and reproducible tool, 19 it is not the gold standard for evaluating refractive error. 20,21 To combat this issue, we repeated our examination three times, and if the three results did not agree with each other, then the test was repeated. In addition, the examination was performed by a single examiner (WSK) using the same device before and after surgery.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biometric and refractive changes after orbital decompression in Korean patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy

Kim

Chun

Cho

et al. 2015

Eye

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Purpose To determine the biometric and refractive changes after orbital decompression in Korean patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO). Methods Retrospective, observational study (between October 2012 and September 2014) was performed. Patients with TAO undergoing orbital decompression for stable proptosis received ophthalmic examinations, including Hertel exophthalmometry, A-scan biometry, autorefraction measures, corneal topography, and wavefront aberration measures, before orbital decompression and again 2 months after surgery. Results Included in the study were 43 eyes from 23 patients. The mean exophthalmometric value decreased by 4.1 mm 2 months after orbital decompression (Po0.001). On average, axial length (AL) increased significantly by 0.08 mm (Po0.001); specifically, 37 (86%) of the 43 eyes had increased AL. Whereas anterior chamber depth and lens thickness showed no significant changes (P = 0.086 and P = 0.905, respectively), the mean spherical refraction and spherical equivalent (SE) decreased by 0.35 and 0.48 D, respectively (P = 0.008 and Po0.001, respectively). However, cylindrical refraction and axis showed no significant changes (P = 0.057 and P = 0.218, respectively). The changes in AL and SE were significantly correlated (R = − 0.411, P = 0.009). Notably, there were no changes in corneal topography or wavefront aberration after orbital decompression. Conclusions TAO patients who underwent orbital decompression showed myopic refractive change via increase in AL. Possible refractive changes should be considered in cases of TAO complaining of decreased visual acuity after orbital decompression.

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A Comparison of Autorefraction and Subjective Refraction With and Without Cycloplegia in Primary School Children

Cited by 191 publications

References 46 publications

Testability of the Retinomax Autorefractor and IOLMaster in Preschool Children

Testability of the Retinomax Autorefractor and IOLMaster in Preschool Children

Objective measurement of refractive errors: Comparison of plusoptix s08 with a standard autorefractometer

Biometric and refractive changes after orbital decompression in Korean patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy

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