A Comparison of Cholinesterase Activity after Intravenous, Oral or Dermal Administration of Methyl Parathion

Krämer, Robert; Wellman, Susan E.; Zhu, Hong; Rockhold, Robin W.; Baker, Rodney C.

doi:10.1159/000048210

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Methyl parathion was administered to adult female rats via intravenous, oral and dermal routes, and it was found that dermal administration of methyl parathion resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of acetylcholinesterase that developed slowly and was prolonged; however, intravenous and oral administration of methyl parathion resulted in rapid decreases in cholinesterase activity which was later fully recovered within 30-48 hours [67]. This supports the claim that dermal exposure to methyl parathion is more effective than other routes of exposure.…”

Section: Neurotoxic Effectssupporting

confidence: 53%

Environmental Toxicology and Health Effects Associated with Methyl Parathion Exposure – A Scientific Review

Edwards

Tchounwou

2005

IJERPH

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Methyl parathion - MP (C[8]H[10rsqbNO[5rsqbPS) is a restricted-use pesticide that has been widely used as an agricultural insecticide. It belongs to the class of organophosphate chemicals characterized by their ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity. The main route of human exposure is inhalation, but dermal contact and inadvertent ingestion can also be substantial. Populations that are susceptible to MP exposure primarily are applicators, manufacturers and individuals living near application and/or disposal sites. Exposure has also been reported as a result of illegal indoor application. MP related health effects include headaches, nausea, night-waking, diarrhea, difficulty breathing, excessive sweating and salivation, incoordination, and mental confusion. Other symptoms including behavior problems, motor skill problems and impairment of memory recall have also been reported. The primary targets of toxicity are the hematopoietic system (serum cholinesterase inhibition), the cardiovascular system (cardiovascular lesions, abnormalities in heart rate and increase in heart-to-body ratio), the reproductive system (placental morphology, fibrosis and hemorrhage, and inhibition of DNA synthesis in seminiferous tubules), and the nervous system (headache, muscle weakness, insomnia, dizziness, and impaired memory). MP is believed to not have any carcinogenic effects. In an attempt to update its toxicologic profile, we hereby provide a critical review of MP-related environmental and toxicologic effects, with a special emphasis on their potential implications for public health.

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Section: Neurotoxic Effectssupporting

confidence: 53%

Environmental Toxicology and Health Effects Associated with Methyl Parathion Exposure – A Scientific Review

Edwards

Tchounwou

2005

IJERPH

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“…In vivo, the intravenous or oral administration of 2.5 mg/kg of methylparathion, drop it in under 60 min and the reactivation of cholinesterase is 30-48 h in vitro. The spontaneous reactivation of cholinesterase is complete after 6 h at 37°C [5]. Dermal inhibition of cholinesterase activity of methyl parathion is dose dependent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The pharmacodynamic properties of some of these products, including methyl parathion and the kinetics of cholinesterase activity in the brain, parallel to the plasma activity depend on the route of administration of the toxicant [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcutaneous Injection of Organophosphate Parathion: An Unusual Way of Intentional Acute Poisoning

Ezzouine¹,

Kerrous²,

Haoui³

et al. 2016

Med Toxicol Clin Forens Med (5)

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The oral way method is the mostly used and well-known way recognized in the intentional acute organophosphate poisoning. The peculiarity of the case we report is the subcutaneous injection route and its evolution.A 25 year old patient was admitted to intensive care for respiratory distress which was complicated by an intentional subcutaneous injection of parathion "METYPHON50 ® " two days before. The immediate evolution was marked by asthenia, progressive deterioration of general condition and vomiting. After his hospitalization on his third day of poisoning, the patient was comatose, had a tight myosis and a diffuse tremor hypersalivation. His hemodynamic parameters were correct. He had respiratory distress and a right upper limb swollen and inflamed mainly at the injection site (inner left arm). The anticholinesterase activity was 12.5% and his cerebral CT was normal. The therapeutic management was intubation and ventilatory support added to symptomatic treatment. The contrathion could not be administered because it was not available. The evolution was favorable on the third day of hospitalization with regression of toxidrom and patient extubation. The activity of acetylcholinesterase was 50% at control. The acute intoxication by the subcutaneous route to organophosphates was exceptional. Pharmacodynamics and kinetics of the product were involved in the clinical expression throughout the duration of elimination. It is important to identify the product characteristics organophosphate offending. The symptomatic treatment is always to put more and to use no antidote as in our case.

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“…Kramer et al [10] compared that pharmacodynamics of methyl parathion based on the route of exposure. The underlying mechanism for its toxicity in humans is the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by its oxidative metabolite, methyl paraoxon [ 11 ].…”

Section: Dermal Exposure To Methyl Parathion Poses the Greatest Heakhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomedical vignette

2002

J Biomed Sci

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A Comparison of Cholinesterase Activity after Intravenous, Oral or Dermal Administration of Methyl Parathion

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Environmental Toxicology and Health Effects Associated with Methyl Parathion Exposure – A Scientific Review

Environmental Toxicology and Health Effects Associated with Methyl Parathion Exposure – A Scientific Review

Subcutaneous Injection of Organophosphate Parathion: An Unusual Way of Intentional Acute Poisoning

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