A Comparison of CP-OFDM, PCC-OFDM and UFMC for 5G Uplink Communications

Kongara, Gayathri; He, Cuiwei; Yang, Lei; Armstrong, Jean

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2949792

Cited by 35 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In other words, a typical moving average is an exceptionally good smoothing filter, but an exceptionally poor low-pass filter. Despite this, PCC-DFT-s-OFDM can be introduced as a moving average-like technique while maintaining well frequency localization owing to its differential property [23]. To demonstrate this innovation in the time domain, we substituted (1) into (3) and obtained the following equation:…”

Section: Time-domain Aspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PCC applied in PCC-OFDM is treated as a frequency coding technique for OFDM that maps the data onto weighted groups of subcarriers. With this simple preprocessing, the differential operation in the time domain benefits PCC-OFDM on the performance of frequency localization, and the immunity of frequency offset and Doppler spread, making it one of the waveform candidates for 5G and beyond [23]. As taking PCC in the data domain can shape the components in the transformed domain, this inspires us to exploit PCC as a novel SS scheme to reduce the PAPR of DFT-s-OFDM signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polynomial Cancellation Coded DFT-s-OFDM for Low-PAPR Uplink Signaling

Cho

Kuo

et al. 2019

Electronics

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The physical layer signaling of the 5G new radio still utilizes cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) and discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) to support 5G services for the sake of system-backward compatibility. However, the transmission requirements among these services differ, and this poses a challenge to the adaptability of the waveforms with regard to the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) issue. In particular, DFT-s-OFDM serving as a low-PAPR option for uplink signaling still has room for PAPR improvement in cases such as machine-type and device-to-device communications. We propose polynomial cancellation coded (PCC)-DFT-s-OFDM to flexibly reduce the PAPR of conventional DFT-s-OFDM. The principle of the proposed method, including its transform, is analyzed in the time domain. The results show that it can also be regarded as a novel spectral shaping scheme for PAPR reduction. Through a parameter designed for adjusting the cost of spectral efficiency, the proposed method can regulate the extent of improvement compared with the conventional DFT-s-OFDM, not only in the PAPR, but also for the spectral radiation and bit error rate when considering the nonlinearity of the power amplifier. The increase in computational complexity is neglectable owing to the simplicity of generalized PCC, making it apt to be deployed in existing systems.

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Section: Time-domain Aspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polynomial Cancellation Coded DFT-s-OFDM for Low-PAPR Uplink Signaling

Cho

Kuo

et al. 2019

Electronics

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“…In order to achieve a diversity, the emergency alert packet is repeated in the transmitted data block. The orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) block [19] is used as the data block. For each cluster, the alert packet can orthogonally be allocated to the corresponding frequency sub-band in the OFDM block.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Emergence Alert Broadcast Based on Cluster Diversity for Autonomous Vehicles in Indoor Environments

Chang

2020

IEEE Access

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This paper addresses an emergency alert broadcast for autonomous vehicles in indoor environments. For a rapid alert broadcast, a novel cluster diversity is proposed. Using the cluster diversity, the alert broadcast can significantly reduce the number of rebroadcasts. This leads to the rapid delivery of emergency alerts. The cluster diversity consists of clustering and diversity combining. For the clustering, the cluster diversity technique utilizes the location information of autonomous vehicles. Using the location information, a cluster head is selected in each cluster. The cluster head rebroadcasts the emergency alert to the autonomous vehicles. Therefore, the clustering can lessen the number of rebroadcasts. In order to further reduce the number of rebroadcasts, a diversity combining technique is proposed in this paper. The diversity approach is based on the clustering. For the diversity, the emergency alert packet is repeated in the transmitted OFDM block. For each cluster, the emergency alert packet can orthogonally be allocated to the corresponding frequency sub-band in the OFDM block. In the received OFDM block, the autonomous vehicle utilizes the emergency alert packet with the maximum power in order to achieve a diversity. The experimental results exhibit that the proposed cluster diversity can considerably reduce the number of rebroadcasts in indoor environments. The results also show that the presented approach substantially outperforms the conventional technique in terms of the number of outage vehicles in the cases of rebroadcasts under indoor environments.

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“…As the number of UEs is much larger than that of base stations in the LTE/NR networks, such an alternative implementation scheme greatly benefits the deployment of PCC‐DFT‐s‐OFDM for more flexible uplink signalling. Note that the proposed scheme can also be applied on PCC‐OFDM [8] which has been investigated as a candidate of 5G waveform [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…whereq r Wb 0b1 is defined as the bit stream conversion of QPSK as described in Table 1. After QPSK modulation, the corresponding symbols in (9) are gained by 00 11 10 01 11 00 10 01…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bit‐level implementation for polynomial cancellation coded DFT‐s‐OFDM transmitters

Cho

Hsu

2020

Electron. lett.

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Polynomial cancellation coded discrete Fourier transform-spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (PCC-DFT-s-OFDM) is famous for the flexibility of DFT-s-OFDM on the trade-off between peak-to-average power ratio performance and spectral efficiency. Deploying it on numerous user equipments (UEs) as enhanced uplink signalling becomes a practical issue. In this Letter, a bit-level implementation of PCC mapping is proposed, so that the compatibility of implementation of corresponding circuits on UE transmitters would make the deployment more easily. By taking Long Term Evolution and New Radio standards as examples, the equivalency of bit/symbol-level implementations is validated in terms of bit error rate performance. Introduction: The third generation partnership project (3GPP) still recommend discrete Fourier transform-spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) as the uplink waveform for 5G New Radio (NR) [1, 2] with regard to the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) issue [3]. Although it provides the backward compatibility, various 5G communication scenarios may challenge the flexibility of DFT-s-OFDM on the PAPR aspect that adapts to different-quality power amplifiers (PAs) of all 5G devices [4]. Further, since DFT-s-OFDM also serves as the sidelink waveform for proximity services for device-to-device (D2D) communication in 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) [5], flexible solution to its PAPR issue plays a critical role in D2D power control [4, 6]. Probably of more importance, the PAPR issue in multiple access brings inter-user interference caused by PA non-linearity that severely degrades the user bit error rate (BER) performance [1]. To solve this, polynomial cancellation coded (PCC)-DFT-s-OFDM [7] has been recently introduced for improving the flexibility of DFT-s-OFDM on the tradeoff between spectral efficiency (SE) and PAPR performance for some SE-tolerable services. Aiming to be fully compatible with current LTE/NR user equipments (UEs), however, directly implementing PCC mapping on DFT-s-OFDM in the symbol level still needs the alteration to UE circuits, albeit only adding a simple subtractor. In this Letter, we propose a bit-level implementation for PCC mapping, so that PCC-DFT-s-OFDM transmitter can be implemented on existing LTE/NR UEs by updating their firmware instead of replacing their circuits. As the number of UEs is much larger than that of base stations in the LTE/NR networks, such an alternative implementation scheme greatly benefits the deployment of PCC-DFT-s-OFDM for more flexible uplink signalling. Note that the proposed scheme can also be applied on PCC-OFDM [8] which has been investigated as a candidate of 5G waveform [9].

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A Comparison of CP-OFDM, PCC-OFDM and UFMC for 5G Uplink Communications

Cited by 35 publications

References 46 publications

Polynomial Cancellation Coded DFT-s-OFDM for Low-PAPR Uplink Signaling

Polynomial Cancellation Coded DFT-s-OFDM for Low-PAPR Uplink Signaling

An Emergence Alert Broadcast Based on Cluster Diversity for Autonomous Vehicles in Indoor Environments

Bit‐level implementation for polynomial cancellation coded DFT‐s‐OFDM transmitters

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