A comparison of dielectric properties of eggshells from free-range system and control-range system

Nanofibrous electrospun scaffold doped with hydroxyapatite derived from sand lobster shell (Panulirus homarus) for bone tissue engineering

“…The lattice parameters of uncalcined SL shells were a = 4.942 Å and c = 16.946 Å, corresponding to the lattice parameter of CaCO 3 , while the lattice parameters of SL shells after calcination at 1000 °C changed to a = 3.591 Å and c = 4.957 Å, corresponding to Ca(OH) 2 . 35 The lattice parameter change emphasizes that the phase changed because of the calcination treatment. These results are shown in Table 2 .…”

“…The XRD indicated that the peak of the CaCO 3 phase appeared dominantly before the calcination process (calcination at 0 °C) based on JCPDS 047-1743. 34,35 Meanwhile, the JCPDS 044-1481 conrmed that the dominant diffraction peak formed during the calcination at 1000 °C was Ca(OH) 2 with minor CaO peaks in the diffraction planes of (111) and (220) at 31.54°and 54.26°, respectively, based on JCPDS 037-1497. 35,36 The Ca(OH) 2 peak was dominant because the reaction in eqn (2) happened before the CaO was dissolved in distilled water.…”

“…34,35 Meanwhile, the JCPDS 044-1481 conrmed that the dominant diffraction peak formed during the calcination at 1000 °C was Ca(OH) 2 with minor CaO peaks in the diffraction planes of (111) and (220) at 31.54°and 54.26°, respectively, based on JCPDS 037-1497. 35,36 The Ca(OH) 2 peak was dominant because the reaction in eqn (2) happened before the CaO was dissolved in distilled water. Aer calcination, the SL shells become more hygroscopic, which facilitates the samples' ability to absorb water from the air.…”