A comparison of EGFR mutation status in tissue and plasma cell-free DNA detected by ADx-ARMS in advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have shown that there are different methods used to detect the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status in plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) for advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients including the ADx-Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ADx-ARMS). We explored the performance of the ADx-ARMS in detecting the EGFR mutations in cfDNA. Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled patients who presented with advanced (stage IIIb/IV) lung adenocarcinoma. EGFR mutations in plasma cfDNA and tumor tissues by ADx-ARMS were detected. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) in plasma was performed in patients with inconsistent gene region mutations in the plasma and matched tissue samples. We calculated the clinical parameters of the ADx-ARMS for EGFR mutation status in the plasma of cfDNA, using the tumor tissues as the standard for measurement. The objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS) were also calculated for patients receiving first-generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) therapy. Results: In total, 203 patients were included in the final analysis. Mutations were discovered in 58.6% (119/203) of the tumor tissues and 31.0% (63/203) were detected EGFR mutations in both tumor tissues and matched plasma. The sensitivity and the specificity setting for detecting the EGFR mutations in the plasma using the ADx-ARMS were configured to 52.9% and 98.8%. An ORR of 64.8% was observed among the 71 patients who were identified as being EGFR-positive in their tumor tissues, who had received treatments using Gefitinib or Icotinib. Next, the ORR was observed to be 69.0% among the 42 patients with an EGFR mutation in their plasma. The median PFS of the patients with an EGFR mutation in tumor tissues and plasma were 10.0 vs. 11.0 months (P=0.175). The median PFS of the patients with an EGFR wild-type in the plasma was 8.7 months, which was significantly shorter than the EGFR mutant-type in plasma (P=0.001). Conclusions: Using ADx-ARMS as an approach with high specificity but moderate sensitivity to detect the EGFR mutations in plasma cfDNA and EGFR mutation status in plasma cfDNA using the ADx-ARMS can predict the tumor response for EGFR-TKIs.

The Diagnostic Accuracy of Liquid Biopsy in EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 40 Studies

“…After exclusion of studies, a total of 40 studies were finally included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. 24–63…”

Smoking habit and chemo-radiotherapy and/or surgery affect the sensitivity of EGFR plasma test in non-small cell lung cancer

“…1). It is easy to see that these studies used the column-based method in cfDNA extraction [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] that lead to the low-yield of cfDNA and low sensitivity [9]. In the study, we also found that smoking habits influence the presence of EGFR mutations in plasma (Additional file 2: Table S2) and thus affect the sensitivity of the test ( Table 1).…”

“…It is worth noting that EGFR mutations in plasma are detected by the scorpion ARMS method that has a lower limit of detection than the pyrosequencing method (≈ 5%) [13]. We performed a literature review and noted that the false-negative phenomenon also is observed in other studies used scorpion ARMS method [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], dPCR [5,6,29], and even ultra-deep sequencing methods [2][3][4]30]. Therefore, the EGFR plasma sensitivity might be affected by the other factors besides the technique influences.…”

Detection of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in peripheral blood circulating tumor DNA in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer

“…A total of 32 studies were finally included in the meta-analysis after reading through the full text. [ 17 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 ] The flowchart is presented in Figure 1 .…”