A comparison of farming‐ and non‐farming‐related suicides from the United States’ National Violent Deaths Reporting System, 2003–2016

Kennedy, Alison; Cerel, Julie; Kheibari, Athena; Leske, Stuart; Watts, J. H.

doi:10.1111/sltb.12725

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Among the general population in the United States, male farmers and ranchers are over three times more likely to die by suicide than females, despite females being more likely to have a suicide attempt 27,30 . Analyses of segments of the agricultural population have also found males represent a large proportion of identified suicides 20,22,23,31 . The proportion of suicides among males may be due to several factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of suicide among farmers and ranchers: Using the CDC NVDRS 2003–2018

Miller

Rudolphi

2022

American J Industrial Med

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Background Suicide is among the top 10 causes of premature death in the United States. This study provides details on farmer and rancher suicide decedents, including demographic information, mental health status, history of suicidal thoughts and attempts, and circumstances associated with death. Methods Data for this study were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Violent Death Reporting System Restricted Access Database for the years 2003–2018. Descriptive statistics and adjusted odds ratios are presented for farm and nonfarm populations in addition to farm populations by age groups and sex. Results This study found that almost half of the farmer suicide decedents were over 65 years old. Firearms were the most widely used method for farmers and ranchers regardless of age and sex. Young farmers and ranchers that died by suicide were more likely to have had relationship problems and older farmers and ranchers that died by suicides were more likely to have had a physical health problem. Male farmer and rancher suicide decedents were more likely to die by firearm than females, and female farmer and rancher suicide decedents were likely to have resided in a small metropolitan area, however, due to small numbers and suppression in the data, most sex comparisons were not able to be presented. Conclusions While no clear risk factor for suicide among farmers and ranchers emerged, results underscore the complex nature of suicide and the need for multifaceted, culturally competent interventions and campaigns that address suicide risk and prevention at the individual and community levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of suicide among farmers and ranchers: Using the CDC NVDRS 2003–2018

Miller

Rudolphi

2022

American J Industrial Med

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“…The NVDRS is commonly used in the research of suicide (Cerel et al, 2015; Kennedy et al, 2021; see Nazarov et al, 2019 for scoping review) and substance use (e.g., substance‐related homicide; Nazarov & Li, 2020) and is also used to investigate the relationship between substance use and suicide. For instance, the NVDRS has been used to examine the association between alcohol use and suicide method (Conner, Bagge, et al, 2014; Conner, Huguet, et al, 2014), substance use and motor vehicle suicide (Sung, 2017), and ethnic/racial differences in the alcohol‐suicide linkage (Caetano et al, 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance use‐related suicide after release from correctional, behavioral health, and healthcare facilities using national violent death reporting system data

Mennicke

Kaniuka

Pruneda

et al. 2021

Suicide & Life Threat Behav

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Introduction: Suicide and substance use are prevalent problems among persons discharged from facilities. This study (1) articulated rates of substance-related suicide deaths among those discharged correctional, behavioral health, and healthcare facilities, and (2) identified factors associated with substance-related suicide deaths unique to, or generalizing across, facility discharge. Methods: We used data from the National Violent Death Reporting System. Suicide deaths (N = 105,968) were aggregated from 2003 to 2017. Chi-square and independent samples t-tests were used to examine associations between drug/ alcohol-related deaths and each correlate. Logistic regression was employed to identify the most robust substance-related suicide death-related factors.Results: Suicide deaths were commonly marked as being substance-related: 69% from correctional institutions, 54% from behavioral health facilities, 45% from those not released from a facility, and 39% from healthcare facilities. Regression models indicated housing interruptions and interpersonal stressors increased odds of the suicide death being marked as substance-related across discharge categories. Each discharge category also had unique predictors, underscoring the need for tailored prevention.Conclusions: Substance-related suicide deaths are particularly common among adults discharged from correctional and behavioral health facilities. Findings are discussed with respect to community-focused, discharge planning, and clinical care suicide prevention strategies.

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“…In the background are the economic challenges in farming that have existed for decades, creating chronic strain [9][10][11]. Changes in self-concept such as loss of self-esteem and feelings of failure are a source of stress that may lead to depression and are likely to partly explain the high suicide rate in farmers [12][13][14][15][16]. Continual readjustment to sources of stress such as work disruptions can cause chronic exhaustion [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational stress among farm and ranch operators in the midwestern United States

et al. 2021

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Background This study used surveillance data from 2018 and 2020 to test the stability of work-related strain symptoms (high stress, sleep deprivation, exhaustion) with demographic factors, work characteristics, and musculoskeletal symptoms among farm and ranch operators in seven midwestern states of the United States. Methods Cross-sectional surveys were conducted among farm and ranch operators in 2018 (n = 4423) and 2020 (n = 3492). Operators were asked whether, in the past 12 months, they experienced extended work periods that resulted in high stress levels, sleep deprivation, exhaustion/fatigue, or other work-related strain symptoms. Covariates included personal and demographic factors, work characteristics, number of injuries, work-related health conditions, and exposures on the operation. Summary statistics were tabulated for explanatory and outcome variables. The classification (decision) tree approach was used to assess what variables would best separate operators with and without reported strain symptoms, based on a set of explanatory variables. Regularized regression was used to generate effect estimates between the work strain variables and explanatory variables. Results High stress level, sleep deprivation, and exhaustion were reported more frequently in 2018 than 2020. The classification tree reproduced the 2018 model using 2020 data with approximately 80% accuracy. The mean number of reported MSD symptoms increased slightly from 1.23 in 2018 to 1.41 in 2020. Older age, more time spent in farm work, higher gross farm income (GFI), and MSD symptoms in six body regions (ankles/feet, knees, lower back, neck, shoulders, wrists/hands) were associated with all three work strain symptoms. Conclusions Musculoskeletal pain and discomfort was a strong predictor for stress, sleep deprivation, and exhaustion among farmers and ranchers. This finding indicates that reducing MSD pain and discomfort is beneficial for both physical and mental health.

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A comparison of farming‐ and non‐farming‐related suicides from the United States’ National Violent Deaths Reporting System, 2003–2016

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Characteristics of suicide among farmers and ranchers: Using the CDC NVDRS 2003–2018

Characteristics of suicide among farmers and ranchers: Using the CDC NVDRS 2003–2018

Substance use‐related suicide after release from correctional, behavioral health, and healthcare facilities using national violent death reporting system data

Occupational stress among farm and ranch operators in the midwestern United States

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