A comparison of global rare earth element (REE) resources and their mineralogy with REE prospects in Sri Lanka

Batapola, Nadeera; Dushyantha, Nimila; Premasiri, Hmr; Abeysinghe, A.M.K.B.; Rohitha, Lps; Ratnayake, Nalin Prasanna; Dissanayake, Kithsiri; Ilankoon, I.M.S.K.; Dharmaratne, P.G.R.

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2020.104475

Cited by 50 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Otro dato importante es que estos elementos no se encuentran en los recursos naturales como metales individuales debido a su alta reactividad y por lo tanto se encuentran en varios minerales, no obstante, entre todos los minerales de tierras raras identificados hasta la fecha, solo unos pocos como la bastnasita, la monacita y la xenotima son utilizadas comercialmente para producir REEs (Carrillo García, Latifi, Amini & Chaouki, 2020). Actualmente la bastnasita es considerado como el principal mineral en el mundo para la producción de elementos de tierras raras debido a su abundancia y a sus altos porcentajes de óxidos de tierras raras que alcanzan aproximadamente un 75% (Batapola et al, 2020).…”

Section: Extracción De Reesunclassified

Una perspectiva global de las tierras raras

Toache-Pérez

Bolarín-Miró

Jesús

et al. 2022

aactm

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Los elementos de tierras raras han sido considerados por diversos países como elementos críticos, debido a su importancia tecnológica que impulsa al mundo moderno, además, aunque las tierras raras pueden encontrarse en la mayor parte del mundo, en la actualidad existe un desabasto a nivel mundial, debido a la cada vez menor cantidad de yacimientos minerales que pueden ser económicamente rentables para su extracción y producción. En este sentido, poco más del 50% de la cantidad de tierras raras que se comercializan a nivel mundial, provienen de China, quien ha creado un monopolio en la producción y exportación de dichos elementos, de igual manera es importante mencionar que aunque ciertos elementos de tierras raras son indispensables para las nuevas tecnologías, sus procesos de extracción generan gases y efluentes peligrosos para el medio ambiente y el ser humano, razón por la cual diversos países han implementado políticas que encarecen el procedimiento de producción de tierras raras, encaminando a buscar alternativas que sean amigables con el ambiente y al mismo tiempo sean económicamente rentables.

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Section: Extracción De Reesunclassified

Una perspectiva global de las tierras raras

Toache-Pérez

Bolarín-Miró

Jesús

et al. 2022

aactm

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“…Unsur radioaktif seperti Th umumnya hadir pada batuan yang mengandung UTJ dalam jumlah besar, terutama kelompok UTJ ringan (light rare earth elements/LREE) (Tabel 2). Mineralisasi LREE banyak ditemukan pada kompleks batuan alkalin, granitik, terobosan, hingga trakhit dan vulkaniklastik [30][31][32], seperti nefelinbasanit, basalt, trakhibasalt, dan gabro di daerah penelitian (Gambar 2-4).…”

Section: Batuan Dan Mineral Pembawa Thunclassified

Peralihan Rezim Tektonik: Implikasinya pada Konsentrasi Torium di Mamasa dan Tana Toraja, Sulawesi-Indonesia

Saputro¹,

Purwaningsih

Priadi

2020

EKSPLORIUM

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ABSTRAK Mamasa dan Tana Toraja secara geografis merupakan bagian dari lengan barat Pulau Sulawesi. Batuan-batuan mafik di daerah tersebut dan sekitarnya memiliki nilai laju radiasi tinggi dan anomali kandungan torium (Th). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mekanisme tataan tektonik yang berperan dalam peningkatan konsentrasi Th. Enam sampel batuan dianalisis menggunakan analisis petrografi dan geokimia (AAS, ICP-MS, NA, dan XRF), dilengkapi dengan pentarikhan umur menggunakan metode 40K-40Ar pada sampel batuan terpilih. Pengamatan petrografi memperlihatkan kehadiran mineral plagioklas, olivin, piroksen, hornblenda, nefelin, dan alanit pada batuan yang diidentifikasi sebagai nefelin-basanit, basalt, trakhibasalt, dan gabro. Sejumlah tekstur yang tampak pada batuan tersebut mengindikasikan kontaminasi dan perubahan kondisi tektonik. Analisis geokimia menunjukkan bahwa nefelin-basanit, basalt, trakhibasalt, dan gabro (absarokit) terbentuk pada batas kontinental aktif (ACM) yang sedang mengalami transisi dari subduksi aktif (penunjaman ke arah barat) menjadi post-subduksi. Perubahan tataan tektonik membuat magma membeku pada kondisi yang sangat ekstrim. Proses pembekuan magma diinterpretasikan terjadi pada umur sekitar 13,10-11,02 Ma. Mekanisme tersebut berperan penting terhadap terjadinya peningkatan konsentrasi torium di Mamasa dan Tana Toraja.ABSTRACT Mamasa and Tana Toraja geographically are part of the western arm of Sulawesi Island. The mafic rocks in these areas and their surroundings have high radiation dose rate and thorium (Th) anomaly content. This research aim is to determine tectonic setting mechanism which play the important role on the increasing of Th concentration. Six rock samples were analysed using petrography and geochemical analyses (AAS, ICP-MS, NA, and XRF) completed with the 40K-40Ar dating on selected rock samples. Petrography observations show plagioclase, olivine, pyroxene, hornblende, nepheline, and allanite minerals presence in the rocks which identified as nepheline-basanite, basalt, trachybasalt, and gabbro. Numbers of texture appearances in the rocks indicate contamination and changes on tectonic setting. Geochemistry analysis shows that nepheline-basanite, basalt, trachybasalt, and gabbro (absarokite) were formed at the active continental margin (ACM), which is undergoing active subduction (westward subduction) to post-subduction transition. The changing of tectonic setting made magma solidify in extreme conditions. The magma solidify process is interpreted to occur at the age of 13.10-11.02 Ma. These mechanisms play an important role for the increase of thorium concentration in Mamasa and Tana Toraja.

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“…In this context, Sri Lanka has a prominent potential for REE resources considering its favorable geological setting, and previous geochemical studies disclose clear evidence of high REE concentrations in different geological formations [3]. Therefore, the present study explores the REE potential in various geological formations of Sri Lanka, including intrusive rocks, placer deposits, and gem mining wastes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Since the bulk tonnage of the Eppawala Phosphate Deposit is about 60 million tonnes of P 2 O 5 [3], its estimated that the average REE reserve is approximately 0.29 million tonnes of REOs. However, the average tonnage of REOs of the other resources remains unknown due to the lack of volume calculations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the average REO grade and the feasibility of REE extraction, we selected three resources: Eppawala Phosphate Deposit, Eppawala lake sediments, and gem mining wastes for the development of suitable extraction techniques to recover REEs. Despite the highest REO grade, REE extraction from Pulmoddai monazite is complex and environmentally damaging due to the high concentration of radioactive components like Ura-nium and Thorium [3]. So far, we have been able to leach out REEs under optimized conditions from the Eppawala Phosphate Deposit, Eppawala lake sediments, and Gem mining wastes with 81%, 78%, and 78%, respectively (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploration for rare earth elements (REES) in different geological formations of Sri Lanka and their recovery potential

Batapola¹,

Ratnayake²,

Abeysinghe³

et al. 2022

BPRM

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Rare earth elements (REEs) are widely attracting global attention due to their crucial role in the modern lifestyle, especially in the industrial advancement towards a green economy through renewable technologies. This particular group of metals consists of the 15 lanthanides, yttrium (Y), and scandium (Sc). There are two subgroups, namely light rare earth elements (LREEs) from lanthanum (La) to europium (Eu) and heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) from gadolinium (Gd) to lutetium (Lu) and Y (Fig. 1a). Generally, LREEs are more abundant in the mineral deposits when compared to more priced HREEs [1].

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A comparison of global rare earth element (REE) resources and their mineralogy with REE prospects in Sri Lanka

Cited by 50 publications

References 86 publications

Una perspectiva global de las tierras raras

Una perspectiva global de las tierras raras

Peralihan Rezim Tektonik: Implikasinya pada Konsentrasi Torium di Mamasa dan Tana Toraja, Sulawesi-Indonesia

Exploration for rare earth elements (REES) in different geological formations of Sri Lanka and their recovery potential

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