A comparison of interactions between stuttering children, nonstuttering children, and their mothers

Langlois, Aimee; Hanrahan, Linda L.; Inouye, Lynn L.

doi:10.1016/0094-730x(86)90014-8

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Specifically, over the years numerous investigators have attempted to uncover the verbal and nonverbal behaviors of parents that may represent risk factors for either the occurrence of stuttered speech, or the development of a persistent stuttering problem. Early studies focused broadly on both the content and form of the language parents use while engaged in conversation with their child and, more narrowly, on the specific responses of parents to their child's stuttering (e.g., Glasner & Rosenthal, 1957;Johnson & Associates, 1959;Kaprisin-Burelli, Egolf, & Shames, 1972;Langlois, Hanrahan, & Inouye, 1986;Weiss & Zebrowski, 1991, 1992. In general, findings from these studies indicate that the parents of some children who stutter are inclined to respond negatively to the child's stuttering, or to advise the child about how to talk (e.g., "slow down," "take a deep breath").…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Coordinated interpersonal timing in the conversations of children who stutter and their mothers and fathers

Savelkoul

Zebrowski

Feldstein

et al. 2007

Journal of Fluency Disorders

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Coordinated interpersonal timing in the conversations of children who stutter and their mothers and fathers

Savelkoul

Zebrowski

Feldstein

et al. 2007

Journal of Fluency Disorders

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“…Prior investigations of potential linguistic differences in parents of stuttering and normally fluent children primarily have compared either the distributions of various linguistic forms in their speech (e.g., relative use of interrogatives, negatives, imperatives) (KasprisinBurrelli, Egolf, & Shames, 1972;Langlois, Hanrahan, & Inouye, 1986). Others have addressed the length and/or linguistic complexity of their utterances (Kloth et al, 1995;Yaruss & Conture, 1995).…”

Section: Parental Linguistic Behaviors and Children's Fluencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although numerous comparison and intervention studies have examined this aspect of parental verbal interaction, they have neither demonstrated unequivocally that rapid parental speech rates exacerbate stuttering in children nor generated conclusive evidence of rate differences among mothers of children who stutter and mothers of normally fluent children (Kelly & Conture, 1992;Kloth et al, 1995;Meyers & Freeman, 1985a, 1995b, 1995cSchulze & Johannsen, 1991;Stephenson-Opsal & Bernstein Ratner, 1988;Yaruss & Conture, 1995). Other factors thought to heighten communicative time pressure and demand, including interruptions, "simultalk" (the degree to which turns in a conversation overlap, such that speakers are talking simultaneously), decreased interspeaker latency, and question-asking, have proven equally challenging to link to fluency failure in children (Bernstein Ratner, 1992;Kelly & Conture, 1992;Langlois, Hanrahan, & Inouye, 1986;Newman & Smit, 1989;Weiss & Zebrowski, 1991;Wilkenfeld & Curlee, 1997).…”

Section: Parental Speech Style and Children's Fluencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Others have addressed the length and/or linguistic complexity of their utterances (Kloth et al, 1995;Yaruss & Conture, 1995). Langlois, Hanrahan, and Inouye (1986) noted that mothers of children who stutter used more imperative and interrogative utterances than the comparison-group mothers, who used more statements. This finding was used as support for the notion of linguistic differences between parents of stuttering and normally fluent children and, ultimately, as support for offering specific advice regarding linguistic and stylistic adjustments to parents of children who stutter.…”

Section: Parental Linguistic Behaviors and Children's Fluencymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parental Language Input to Children at Stuttering Onset

Miles

Ratner

2001

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Many programs for the indirect management of stuttering in early childhood counsel adjustment of parental language models, which are presumed to play an exacerbating influence on vulnerable children's fluency. We examined the relative levels of linguistic demand in maternal language to stuttering and nonstuttering children, adjusted for each child's current level of linguistic development. No significant or observable differences were detected in the relative level of linguistic demand posed by parents of stuttering children very close to onset of symptoms. Empirical support for current advisement and potential ramifications are discussed.

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“…There has been some effort to describe specific behavioral characteristics of interactions between stuttering children and their parents. A large proportion of the existing data addresses speech rate and other temporal variables (e.g., Kelly, 1994;Kelly & Conture, 1992;Meyers & Freeman, 1985a, 1985bStephenson-Opsal & Ratner, 1988), with lesser attention paid to linguistic characteristics of parental speech to stuttering children (e.g., Langlois, Hanrahan, & Inouye, 1986) and nonlinguistic conversational patterns (e.g., LaSalle & Conture, 1991). Yairi (1997) notes that "the current body of data on parents' speech is small in terms of the number and scope of studies completed" (p. 41).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental Perceptions of Children's Communicative Development at Stuttering Onset

Ratner

Silverman

2000

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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There has been clinical speculation that parents of young stuttering children have expectations of their children's communication abilities that are not well-matched to the children's actual skills. We appraised the language abilities of 15 children close to the onset of stuttering symptoms and 15 age-, sex-, and SES-matched fluent children using an array of standardized tests and spontaneous language sample measures. Parents concurrently completed two parent-report measures of the children's communicative development. Results indicated generally depressed performance on all child speech and language measures by the children who stutter. Parent report was closely attuned to child performance for the stuttering children; parents of nonstuttering children were less accurate in their predictions of children's communicative performance. Implications for clinical advisement to parents of stuttering children are discussed. T he role of the environment in the onset and evolution of stuttering symptoms continues to generate debate. Although there is little current research literature to suggest that parental beliefs or behaviors differentiate families in which children stutter from those in which children do not (Yairi, 1997), clinical advisement continues to emphasize the possible role of parental attitudes and behaviors in shaping stuttering behavior in childhood (e.g., Conture & Melnick, 1999;Gottwald & Starkweather, 1999;Guitar, 1998;Shapiro, 1999;Starkweather, Gottwald, & Halfond, 1993;Wall & Myers, 1995). Yairi (1997) summarizes much of the available literature on the beliefs of parents whose children stutter. It is, in general, an aging body of work, most of which targeted rather global measures of parental attitude and behavior. Older research suggested that some parents of stuttering children held unrealistic expectations of them: Darley (1955) found that mothers of children who stutter believed that their children were not achieving as expected in speech/language development or in school. Goldman and Shames (1964) asked parents to predict how well their child would perform on a motor coordination task and a language sample task (story telling). Parents of children who stutter, most notably fathers, tended to overestimate their child's performance relative to actual outcomes. However, Quarrington, Seligman, and Kosower (1969) failed to replicate this finding. Instead, mothers of children who stuttered set lower goals for their children than parents of the comparison group.Ratner: Parents' Perceptions at Stuttering Onset 1253Inappropriate parental expectations could be expected to demonstrate themselves in behaviors that are either fluency-disrupting or nonconducive to recovery from stuttering. Clinical advisement to parents appears to reflect a wide range of interpretations of existing data and clinical impressions. In particular, the linguistic environment of the child who stutters has been a frequent target of clinical comment. Guitar (1998) lists "stressful adult speech models" (defined by speech rate, pol...

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A comparison of interactions between stuttering children, nonstuttering children, and their mothers

Cited by 24 publications

References 14 publications

Coordinated interpersonal timing in the conversations of children who stutter and their mothers and fathers

Coordinated interpersonal timing in the conversations of children who stutter and their mothers and fathers

Parental Language Input to Children at Stuttering Onset

Parental Perceptions of Children's Communicative Development at Stuttering Onset

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