A Comparison of Interpersonal Scripts in Clinically Depressed versus Nondepressed Individuals

Demorest, Amy P.; Crits‐Christoph, Paul; Hatch, Mary; Luborsky, Lester

doi:10.1006/jrpe.1999.2246

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The first two categories reflect change in the content of schemas; the latter two reflect change in structure as well as content. Because measures have traditionally assumed that interpersonal schemas take a particular structure, research has focused almost exclusively on changes in the content of schemas (Demorest et al, 1999;Horowitz, 1991;Luborsky & Crits-Christoph, 1990;Schacht & Henry, 1994). The current study demonstrates that interpersonal schemas do not just change in content; as scripts, they also have a particular structure that can change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Interpersonal schemas are considered central to the study of personality pathology and change in psychotherapy (Demorest, Crits-Christoph, Hatch, & Luborsky, 1999;Horowitz, 1991;Westen, 1991). Methods for assessing such schemas in life narratives are based on a variety of templates composed of prototypical sequences of ''self '' and ''other'' components (e.g., the wish/response of other/response of self template of Luborsky and Crits-Christoph's, 1990, core conflictual relationship theme).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Mischel, Shoda, & Smith, 2004, p. 283) The patterns of maladaptive behavior that characterize an individual's personality pathology are ''distinctive sequences'' of interpersonal behavior, or interpersonal scripts. While the construct of interpersonal scripts has been seminal in theories of personality (Alexander, 1990;Demorest, 1995;Mischel & Shoda, 1995;Murray, 1938Murray, /1962Tomkins, 1987), there has been little research on identifying them because scripts require assessment according to a person-specific rather than an a priori structure (Demorest et al, 1999). Although such a method of assessment would provide a more clinically sensitive measure of interpersonal schemas, those that have been developed typically involve interpretation of an individual's words before sequencing them as narrative events (Alexander, 1990;Dahl & Teller, 1994;Demorest & Siegel, 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Affective scripts: A systematic case study of change in psychotherapy

Siegel

Demorest

2010

Psychotherapy Research

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This article presents a systematic case study of maladaptive interpersonal schemas. These schemas are conceived of as affective scripts, or sequences of behaviors that regulate emotion in interpersonal relationships. Part I presents a test of the method for identifying affective scripts. Independent raters applied FRAMES (Fundamental Repetitive and Maladaptive Emotion Structures; Hoelzer & Dahl, 1996) to a representative sample of transcripts of a long-term psychotherapy. Empirical checks of each assessment procedure verified the identification of five maladaptive scripts in hundreds of narratives and enactments with the therapist. In Part II, these scripts were tracked across treatment to identify adaptive changes. Statistical analyses indicated a reduction in maladaptive scripts and an increase in adaptive changes. The evolution of the most pervasive script is described in detail. Strengths and weaknesses of the method are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Affective scripts: A systematic case study of change in psychotherapy

Siegel

Demorest

2010

Psychotherapy Research

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“…These results extended the relational‐schema approach by implying that the relational schema is a stored domain of knowledge about positive and negative social relationships, and that the valence of relational cues influences social information processing. Apart from positive and negative information concerning one's social relationships, other research on relational schemata further showed that the content of relational schema may also include the needs, feelings, and behaviors of both oneself and social others (see, e.g., Demorest, Crits‐Christoph, Hatch, & Luborsky, 1999; Luborsky & Crits‐Christoph, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Automatic Social Information Processing Between Nondepressed and Subclinically Depressed Individuals

Cheng

Chiu

2002

Journal of Personality

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The present research examined individual differences in automatic social information processing. We hypothesized that because nondepressed and subclinically depressed persons have different interpersonal experiences, they may process social information in different ways. In this experiment, participants were asked to make judgments about social relationships after being reminded of a target person. They had to make these judgments under either a light or a heavy memory load. Results showed that when nondepressed participants were reminded of people with whom they had frequent pleasant interactions, they made a greater number of positive judgments about their social relationships than did subclinically depressed participants. When subclinically depressed participants were reminded of people with whom they had had frequent unpleasant interactions, they made a greater number of negative judgments about their social relationships than did their nondepressed counterparts. Moreover, performance in these experimental conditions was unaffected by memory load, suggesting that automatic thoughts about their social relationships had been evoked.

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“…Whereas the micro-narrative evolution was tracked through the IMCS, the macro-narrative changes were identified using the core conflictual relationship theme (CCRT) method (Luborsky, 1998). The CCRT analyzes the relational patterns, relatively stable throughout life (Luborsky, 1998), that operate as templates or scripts (e.g., Demorest, Crits-Christoph, Hatch, & Luborsky, 1999) driving people's interactions with others. As such the CCRT gives us access to the macro-narrative level.…”

Section: Performing Changementioning

confidence: 99%