A comparison of methods for the automated diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction

Nordyke, Robert A.; Kulikowski, Casimir A.; Kulikowski, C.Wilk

doi:10.1016/0010-4809(71)90022-x

Cited by 64 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Similarly, in a study comparing classifiers for predicting breast cancer recurrence, Mani, Pazzani & West (1997) found that the independence Bayes model did best. Moreover, in studies of heart disease (Russek, Kronmal & Fisher, 1983), thyroid disease (Nordyke, Kulikowski & Kulikowski, 1971), liver disease (Croft & Machol, 1987), abdominal pain (Gammerman & Thatcher, 1991;Todd & Stamper, 1994;Ohmann et al, 1996), and dyspepsia (Fox, Barber & Bardhan, 1980) the independence model was a good choice. The phenomenon is not limited to medicine.…”

Section: Why the Assumption Is Not So Absurdmentioning

confidence: 98%

Idiot's Bayes: Not So Stupid after All?

Hand¹,

Yu²

2001

International Statistical Review / Revue Internationale de Stat

286

297

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. International Statistical Institute (ISI) is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to International Statistical Review / Revue Internationale de Statistique. 2University of Plymouth, UK Summary Folklore has it that a very simple supervised classification rule, based on the typically false assumption that the predictor variables are independent, can be highly effective, and often more effective than sophisticated rules. We examine the evidence for this, both empirical, as observed in real data applications, and theoretical, summarising explanations for why this simple rule might be effective.

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Section: Why the Assumption Is Not So Absurdmentioning

confidence: 98%

Idiot's Bayes: Not So Stupid after All?

Hand¹,

Yu²

2001

International Statistical Review / Revue Internationale de Stat

286

297

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However the first cause of referral to the surgical ward was constipation and the patient had both decreased mobility and hypothyroid speech (specificity 93%, with a positive likelihood ratio of 5.4) [9], classical symptoms of hypothyroidism in the elderly. In particular, although the finding of cool and dry skin has a low sensitivity for the diagnosis of hypothyroidism (16%), the specificity of the finding is high (97%), with a positive likelihood ratio of 4.7 [10]. Subtle deterioration of mental status with a decrease in intellectual function during the previous months was finally recognised by the family only at specific request.…”

Section: Pa Modestimentioning

confidence: 94%

“…At physical examination precise measurement of the ankle jerk reflex, also known as the Achilles reflex (occurring when the Achilles tendon is tapped while the foot is dorsiflexed), was reported to discriminate well between patients with and without hypothyroidism (sensitivity 91%-99%, specificity 94%-97%, positive likelihood ratio 18.7) [10,11]. However, only 25%-33% of hypothyroid patients have prolonged reflexes when they are assessed using the naked eye [12].…”

Section: Pa Modestimentioning

confidence: 98%

Hypothermia with loss of consciousness and hyponatraemia

et al. 2007

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I M derness. Laboratory data revealed hyponatraemia (sodium 125 mEq/l) with normal renal function (creatinine, 1.1 mg/dl), normal blood glucose (87 mg/dl) and hypercholesterolaemia (total cholesterol, 252 mg/dl). Myxoedema coma was then suspected and the patient was promptly treated with L-thyroxine (via nasogastric tube) and intravenous methyl-prednisolone. Consciousness and valid circulation recovered within 24 h.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an empty sella turcica (Fig. 1). Hormonal panel confirmed the clinical hypothesis of a hypopituitarism: ACTH<5 pg/ml, TSH 0.78 µU/ml, FSH 1 mU/ml, LH 0.2 mU/ml, PRL 3.6 ng/ml, ADH Intern Emerg Med (2007) 2:113-115 A 75-year-old man was admitted to the surgical unit complaining of severe constipation, diffuse abdominal pain and vomiting. In his past medical history, there was only a peptic duodenal ulcer. Abdominal X-ray showed bullation of colonic frame, presence of multiple hydropneumatic levels, and dilation of the colon until the ampulla. Colonoscopy showed a marked hypertonia of the anal sphincter with hypertrophy of anal papillae. Evacuation was obtained by means of rectal tube. However the consciousness levels gradually decreased until the onset of a comatose state so that the patient was urgently transferred to our department. On arrival, his Glasgow Coma Scale was 7, with hypothermia (33.9°C; 89.02°F), hypotension (90/40 mmHg) and bradycardia (42 beats/min). No other findings were notable at physical examination for heart murmur, pulmonary noise or abdominal tenFig. 1 MRI: sagittal (upper half) and coronal (lower half) T1-weighted scans show an empty sella turcica

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“…Applications of data mining have been widely used in many diverse areas like business, medical research and pharmacovigilance. For example, Nordyke et al proposes the use of Naïve Bayes in the automated diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction [4]. Hence, data mining methods could potentially be useful in analyzing an ADRs database and identifying important clinical predictors for patients' rechallenge status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot study on developing a decision support tool for guiding re-administration of chemotherapeutic agent after a serious adverse drug reaction

2011

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BackgroundCurrently, there are no standard guidelines for recommending re-administration of a chemotherapeutic drug to a patient after a serious adverse drug reaction (ADR) incident. The decision on whether to rechallenge the patient is based on the experience of the clinician and is highly subjective. Thus the aim of this study is to develop a decision support tool to assist clinicians in this decision making process.MethodsThe inclusion criteria for patients in this study are: (1) had chemotherapy at National Cancer Centre Singapore between 2004 to 2009, (2) suffered from serious ADRs, and (3) were rechallenged. A total of 46 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A genetic algorithm attribute selection method was used to identify clinical predictors for patients' rechallenge status. A Naïve Bayes model was then developed using 35 patients and externally validated using 11 patients.ResultsEight patient attributes (age, chemotherapeutic drug, albumin level, red blood cell level, platelet level, abnormal white blood cell level, abnormal alkaline phosphatase level and abnormal alanine aminotransferase level) were identified as clinical predictors for rechallenge status of patients. The Naïve Bayes model had an AUC of 0.767 and was found to be useful for assisting clinical decision making after clinicians had identified a group of patients for rechallenge. A platform independent version and an online version of the model is available to facilitate independent validation of the model.ConclusionDue to the limited size of the validation set, a more extensive validation of the model is necessary before it can be adopted for routine clinical use. Once validated, the model can be used to assist clinicians in deciding whether to rechallenge patients by determining if their initial assessment of rechallenge status of patients is accurate.

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A comparison of methods for the automated diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction

Cited by 64 publications

References 9 publications

Idiot's Bayes: Not So Stupid after All?

Idiot's Bayes: Not So Stupid after All?

Hypothermia with loss of consciousness and hyponatraemia

Pilot study on developing a decision support tool for guiding re-administration of chemotherapeutic agent after a serious adverse drug reaction

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