“…A majority of the literature ( Cao et al, 2012 , Clemes et al, 2014 , Crocco et al, 2013 , De blasio, 2008 , Ding and Lu, 2017 , Farag et al, 2007 , Farag et al, 2006a , Farag et al, 2005 , Irawan and Wirza, 2015 , Krizek et al, 2005 , Lee et al, 2015 , Zhou and Wang, 2014 ) found that older people are less likely to adopt e-commerce with only one conflicting study ( Shi et al, 2019 ). Higher-income households are generally found to be more likely to shop online ( Cao et al, 2013 , Cao et al, 2012 , Crocco et al, 2013 , De blasio, 2008 , Dias et al, 2020 , Farag et al, 2007 , Farag et al, 2006a , Farag et al, 2005 , Lee et al, 2015 , Schmid and Axhausen, 2019 , Zhou and Wang, 2014 ) with contrasting results obtained by Farag et al, 2006b , Irawan and Wirza, 2015 , and Shi et al (2019) . The likelihood of shopping online was found to increase with education levels ( Cao et al, 2013 , Cao et al, 2012 , Clemes et al, 2014 , De blasio, 2008 , Farag et al, 2007 , Farag et al, 2006a , Krizek et al, 2005 , Rotem-Mindali, 2010 , Schmid and Axhausen, 2019 , Zhou and Wang, 2014 ) and with experience with internet usage, internet access, and being more tech-savvy ( Cao et al, 2013 , Cao et al, 2012 , Ding and Lu, 2017 , Farag et al, 2007 , Farag et al, 2006b , Farag et al, 2005 , Irawan and Wirza, 2015 , Krizek et al, 2005 , Lee et al, 2015 , Ren and Kwan, 2009 , Rotem-Mindali, 2010 ).…”