Cystoscopy is a commonly employed procedure in both urological and gynaecological practice. Unfortunately, the practicalities of when and how to perform cystoscopy are often poorly taught during general gynaecological training. A basic understanding of the equipment as well as a systematic approach to performing cystoscopy is the key to gaining the full benefit of this procedure and ensuring no pathology is missed. The technique and indications for cystoscopy in routine gynaecological practice are discussed.