A comparison of rabbit and human skin response to certain irritants

Phillips, Llewellyn; Steinberg, Marshall; Maibach, Howard I.; Akers, William A.

doi:10.1016/0041-008x(72)90157-3

Cited by 250 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Similar findings were reported by Phillips et al (1972). Macko and Weeks (1980) also indicated that m-Det was not a photochemical irritant.…”

Section: Skin Irritation/sensitization Studiessupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Cumulative irritation scores were 9, 18.5, 61, 50.5, 48 and 21 of a possible 84 points for conce1trations ot 1, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80% m-Det, respectively (Phillips et al, 1972).…”

Section: Human Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A single application of neat m-Det to the forearm of human volunteers produced no irritation (Phillips et al, 1972).…”

Section: Human Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Candidate Chemical Simulant List: The Evaluation of Candidate Chemical Simulants Which May Be Used in Chemically Hazardous Operations

CAMBRIDGE¹

1982

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“…Similar findings were reported by Phillips et al (1972). Macko and Weeks (1980) also indicated that m-Det was not a photochemical irritant.…”

Section: Skin Irritation/sensitization Studiessupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Cumulative irritation scores were 9, 18.5, 61, 50.5, 48 and 21 of a possible 84 points for conce1trations ot 1, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80% m-Det, respectively (Phillips et al, 1972).…”

Section: Human Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development of Candidate Chemical Simulant List: The Evaluation of Candidate Chemical Simulants Which May Be Used in Chemically Hazardous Operations

CAMBRIDGE¹

1982

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“…The cutaneous response is quantified as erythema produced by the various mixtures in a 21-day cumulative irritation patch test [2], The role of solution behavior of these sur factants is explored as a key factor regulating this in vivo cutaneous response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Cutaneous Response to a Mixed Surfactant System: Role of Solution Phenomena in Controlling Surfactant Irritation

Rhein¹,

Simion²,

Hill³

et al. 1990

Dermatology

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Exposure of the skin to surfactant-based products can result in irritation. To control this effect researchers are probing mechanisms of surfactant action. In vitro studies show that mixing surfactants often results in less denaturation (swelling) of stratum corneum. We have explored the in vivo human irritation response (using a 21-day cumulative irritation test) to two of these surfactants – sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and (C₁₂–C₁₄) alkyl, 7-ethoxy sulfate (AEOS-7EO). Results demonstrate that addition of AEOS-7EO to a constant dose of SLS results in a significant reduction in erythema, hence producing a milder system. The reason for the synergism is unclear, but may relate to experimentally determined alterations in the micellar solution properties of the SLS upon addition of AEOS-7EO.

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“…The skin of the rabbit is especially sensitive to various kinds of cosmetic compounds, compared with that of guinea pig, rat, miniature pig, and human 3,4 . The sensitivity of the skin is known to be affected by the hair cycle 5,6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermatotoxicity in the Hypotrichotic(htr) Rabbit Derived from the Japanese White(JW-NIBS) Strain Rabbit.

et al. 2002

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Utility of Japanese White rabbit mutants with hypotrichosis (htr strain) was investigated in dermal toxicity studies. In the primary irritation study, the primary irritation indices (P.I.I.) by application of hexachlorophene and 3, 3', 4', 5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCSA) were higher in the htr rabbits than in the control, haired rabbits. The P.I.I. by application of Tween 80 and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) were similar between the htr rabbits and the control rabbits. In the 16-day cumulative irritation study, irritation scores induced by SLS and sodium hydroxide were lower in the htr rabbits than in the control rabbits throughout the observation periods. However, approximately 30% of the dorsal skin of the control rabbits underwent the anagen phase of the hair cycle during the cumulative periods, resulting in difficulty to apply the chemicals and to estimate the skin reactions. In the phototoxicity study, irritation scores of the htr rabbits treated with 8-methoxypsoralen and TCSA were similar to those of the control rabbits. These results revealed advantages of the htr rabbits in the administration of test chemicals and the evaluation of skin reactions, suggesting the usefulness of htr rabbits for dermal toxicity studies. (J Toxicol Pathol 2002; 15: 153-159)

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A comparison of rabbit and human skin response to certain irritants

Cited by 250 publications

References 3 publications

Development of Candidate Chemical Simulant List: The Evaluation of Candidate Chemical Simulants Which May Be Used in Chemically Hazardous Operations

Development of Candidate Chemical Simulant List: The Evaluation of Candidate Chemical Simulants Which May Be Used in Chemically Hazardous Operations

Human Cutaneous Response to a Mixed Surfactant System: Role of Solution Phenomena in Controlling Surfactant Irritation

Dermatotoxicity in the Hypotrichotic(htr) Rabbit Derived from the Japanese White(JW-NIBS) Strain Rabbit.

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