A comparison of rapid village survey and leprosy elimination campaign, detection methods in two districts of East Java, Indonesia, 1997/1998 and 1999/2000

Schreuder, Pieter A. M.; Liben, Diana S.; Wahjuni, S. R. I.; Broek, J. Van Den; Soldenhoff, Richard de

doi:10.47276/lr.73.4.366

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A large difference between the official new case detection (NCD) or prevalence, based on passive case detection, and the NCD or prevalence found by door-to-door surveys has been described before. For example, Schreuder et al found by a rapid village survey in Java, Indonesia, two and a half times the number of known cases [8] , and Bakker et al found during a survey on a few small Indonesian islands 96 cases of leprosy of whom only 11 were previously known. [9] Different sample surveys in India have also revealed sample prevalences 4–5 times the recorded prevalence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Previously Undiagnosed Leprosy in the General Population of Northwest Bangladesh

Moet

Schuring

Pahan³

et al. 2008

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe prevalence of previously undiagnosed leprosy (PPUL) in the general population was determined to estimate the background level of leprosy in the population and to compare this with registered prevalence and the known PPUL in different levels of contacts of leprosy patients.Methodology and Principal FindingsMultistage cluster sampling including 20 clusters of 1,000 persons each in two districts with over 4 million population. Physical examination was performed on all individuals. The number of newly found leprosy cases among 17,862 people above 5 years of age from the cluster sample was 27 (19 SLPB, 8 PB2-5), giving a PPUL rate of 15.1 per 10,000.Conclusions and SignificancePPUL in the general population is six times higher than the registered prevalence, but three times lower than that in the most distant subgroup of contacts (neighbour of neighbour and social contacts) of leprosy patients in the same area. Full village or neighbourhood surveys may be preferable to contact surveys where leprosy is highly endemic.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Previously Undiagnosed Leprosy in the General Population of Northwest Bangladesh

Moet

Schuring

Pahan³

et al. 2008

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In Orissa 72 additional cases could be detected through HCE of 400 index cases [11] in higher endemic areas, although in Bangladesh spatial clustering of new patients at household levels could not be clearly established [12] , while in low endemic areas relatively higher proportions of new cases could be found among household contacts of index cases [13] . The RVS strategy has played important roles in India, Indonesia, China and Thailand [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] . As part of the mini-LEC in Indonesia, it detected twice higher leprosy prevalence than routine programme activities [15] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The RVS strategy has played important roles in India, Indonesia, China and Thailand [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] . As part of the mini-LEC in Indonesia, it detected twice higher leprosy prevalence than routine programme activities [15] . It is known to detect cases early which mean shorter treatment for PB cases and less number of disabilities and leprosy reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Three Leprosy Case Detection Methods in Northern Nigeria

Ezenduka

Post

John³

et al. 2012

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundDespite several leprosy control measures in Nigeria, child proportion and disability grade 2 cases remain high while new cases have not significantly reduced, suggesting continuous spread of the disease. Hence, there is the need to review detection methods to enhance identification of early cases for effective control and prevention of permanent disability. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of three leprosy case detection methods in Northern Nigeria to identify the most cost-effective approach for detection of leprosy.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the additional benefits of using several case detection methods in addition to routine practice in two north-eastern states of Nigeria. Primary and secondary data were collected from routine practice records and the Nigerian Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control Programme of 2009. The methods evaluated were Rapid Village Survey (RVS), Household Contact Examination (HCE) and Traditional Healers incentive method (TH). Effectiveness was measured as number of new leprosy cases detected and cost-effectiveness was expressed as cost per case detected. Costs were measured from both providers' and patients' perspectives. Additional costs and effects of each method were estimated by comparing each method against routine practise and expressed as incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). All costs were converted to the U.S. dollar at the 2010 exchange rate. Univariate sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate uncertainties around the ICER.ResultsThe ICER for HCE was $142 per additional case detected at all contact levels and it was the most cost-effective method. At ICER of $194 per additional case detected, THs method detected more cases at a lower cost than the RVS, which was not cost-effective at $313 per additional case detected. Sensitivity analysis showed that varying the proportion of shared costs and subsistent wage for valuing unpaid time did not significantly change the results.ConclusionComplementing routine practice with household contact examination is the most cost-effective approach to identify new leprosy cases and we recommend that, depending on acceptability and feasibility, this intervention is introduced for improved case detection in Northern Nigeria.

show abstract

“…In non-endemic countries, laboratory evidence through skin smear [ 22 ] or nucleic acid testing [ 23 ] is required. The only laboratory testing reported used in review studies is a slit skin smear sample for microscopy for leprosy bacilli–utilised in half the studies [ 30 , 33 , 39 , 38 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, heterogeneity in the scale, setting and personnel of the reviewed campaigns inhibits a systematic comparative assessment of method design or effectiveness across studies. Data synthesis shows that the highest campaign NCDRs/PRs are in contact tracing campaigns and those conducting community screening of marginalised ethnic groups [ 18 , 32 , 38 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active case detection methods for crusted scabies and leprosy: A systematic review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Crusted scabies is endemic in some remote Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia and carries a high mortality risk. Improvement in active case detection (ACD) for crusted scabies is hampered by a lack of evidence about best practice. We therefore conducted a systematic review of ACD methods for leprosy, a condition with similar ACD requirements, to consider how findings could be informative to crusted scabies detection. Methods and principle findings We conducted systematic searches in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus and the Cochrane Database for Systematic Reviews for studies published since 1999 that reported at least one comparison rate (detection or prevalence rate) against which the yield of the ACD method could be assessed. The search yielded 15 eligible studies from 511. Study heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. Contact tracing and community screening of marginalised ethnic groups yielded the highest new case detection rates. Rapid community screening campaigns, and those using less experienced screening personnel, were associated with lower suspect confirmation rates. There is insufficient data to assess whether ACD campaigns improve treatment outcomes or disease control. Conclusion This review demonstrates the importance of ACD campaigns in communities facing the highest barriers to healthcare access and within neighbourhoods of index cases. The potential benefit of ACD for crusted scabies is not quantified, however, lessons from leprosy suggest value in follow-up with previously identified cases and their close contacts to support for scabies control and to reduce the likelihood of reinfection in the crusted scabies case. Skilled screening personnel and appropriate community engagement strategies are needed to maximise screening uptake. More research is needed to assess ACD cost effectiveness, impact on disease control, and to explore ACD methods capable of capturing the homeless and highly mobile who may be missed in household centric models.

show abstract

A comparison of rapid village survey and leprosy elimination campaign, detection methods in two districts of East Java, Indonesia, 1997/1998 and 1999/2000

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

The Prevalence of Previously Undiagnosed Leprosy in the General Population of Northwest Bangladesh

The Prevalence of Previously Undiagnosed Leprosy in the General Population of Northwest Bangladesh

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Three Leprosy Case Detection Methods in Northern Nigeria

Active case detection methods for crusted scabies and leprosy: A systematic review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About