A Comparison of Relation between Resilience, Locus of Control, Quality of Relationship and Pain Intensity with Dialysis Adequacy in Patients with Peritoneal and Hemodialysis

Abstract

Objective: Mental health in people with chronic diseases undergoes many changes due to conflict with the pain caused by the disease, which can have a reciprocal effect on the course and quality of the patient's treatment. The goal of the present study is to compare the correlation between locus of control, relationship quality, pain intensity and resilience with dialysis adequacy and laboratory indicators in peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients.
 Method: This causal-comparative study was conducted on 30 hemodialysis (HD) and 30 peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients through the convenience sampling method. The data was collected using Pierce Quality Relationship Inventory (QRI), Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Rotter’s Locus of Control Scale (RLOC), and Von Korff’s Chronic Pain Grade Scale (CPGS), and experimental data collected through blood and urine sampling and analyzed with Fisher's test and multivariate analysis of variance.
 Results: Conclusion of the Fisher test evinced that there was a significant difference between quality of relationships with parents and amount of Potassium (K), Phosphorus (P) and Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) as well between quality of relationships with friends and amount of Creatinine (Cr), and between the intensity of pain with K and Albumin (Alb) in patients with PD and HD (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusion of analysis of variance showed that the mean scores of quality of relationships with friends, K, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Cr, Alb and PTH in the PD group were significantly lower than the mean scores of HD patients (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Also, mean of dialysis adequacy in patients with PD was significantly higher (P < 0.01).
 Conclusion: Based on findings, in order to increase dialysis adequacy of patients, along with medical interventions, psychological variables and mental health improvement of patients should also be considered.

Effects of comprehensive nursing interventions on wound pain in patients undergoing catheter insertion for peritoneal dialysis

“…[14][15][16] Peritoneal dialysis patients usually undergo catheterization surgery, a traumatic procedure that damages abdominal tissues and releases chemical substances like bradykinin, proteolytic enzymes, and serotonin, stimulating nerve endings and causing pain and discomfort. 17,18 Post-operative swelling and dull pain at the catheter exit site significantly impact the patient's psychological state and postoperative recovery. 19 Therefore, timely and effective measures to alleviate pain and adverse emotions are clinically significant.…”

The Therapeutic Nurse–Patient Relationship in Hemodialysis: A Pilot Mixed-Method Study on the Perceived Quality of Nurses’ Attitudes and Caring Behaviors

“…A 2001 study collected experiences from dialysis nurses regarding the importance of the therapeutic nurse–patient relationship and the benefits it can bring; it reported that better listening skills toward the persons being cared for, focusing on their life and history, allows for effective relationship building and helps to obtain useful information about the patients’ health status [ 11 ]. The nurses noted the importance of not rejecting emotions, even if negative, as in the case of angry or frustrated patients; they suggested encouraging the expression of this feeling in order to direct the patient’s attention to the goal they have to achieve instead of denying the presence of it [ 11 , 12 ]. Thus, it emerges how an effective therapeutic relationship between nurse and patient can also bring benefits to health care professionals who reported how they have been encouraged by their patients with whom they shared their feelings during a hard period of their private life [ 11 , 13 ].…”