A comparison of seasonal variability of Arabian Gulf and the Sea of Oman pelagic ecosystems

Abstract

This overview compares algal blooms and pelagic fisheries of the Arabian Gulf with the Sea of Oman. The data consist of remotely sensed characteristics, directly sampled and modeled. Elucidated seasonal trends were based on 15-year seasonal means, as well as weekly time series of physical parameters. The environmental characteristics (namely photosynthetically available radiation, atmospheric pressure, temperature, wind, aerosol optical thickness, surface currents, surface temperature, salinity, concentration of dissolved oxygen, nitrates, phosphates, chlorophyll-a, net primary production, phytoplankton, zooplankton biomass, fish larvae abundance, small and large pelagic fish catches) were compared between regions. In Sea of Oman, high concentrations of chlorophyll-a were associated with relatively high concentrations of nitrates and phosphates, as well as kinetic energy of surface currents which exceeded that in Arabian Gulf. The dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans is one dominat alga in the Sea of Oman, whereas diatom species are more common in the Arabian Gulf blooms. In general, the phytoplankton and zooplankton species diversity during winter was higher than in summer periods. Catches of small pelagic fish (in particular sardines) in the Sea of Oman exceeded that in the Arabian Gulf. This might be associated, in part, with differences in trophic levels interactions. The turnover rate of the net primary production through zooplankton in Sea of Oman was found to be much higher than in Arabian Gulf waters.

Monthly Succession of Biofouling Communities and Corresponding Inter-Taxa Associations in the North- and South-West of the Arabian Gulf

“…Conversely, although attributable to the high abundance of macrofoulers, the significant temporal changes in the abundance of biofouling communities on Oman panels may also be enhanced by the unavoidable seasonal changes in the current flow patterns of the Sea of Oman. Previous oceanographic surveys in this region have pointed out the increased proliferation of microorganisms as a consequence of mixing of nutrient-rich and nutrient-deficit waters from Indian Ocean and AG (Pous et al, 2004;Burt et al, 2016;Piontkovski and Queste, 2016;Ahd et al, 2019;Piontkovski et al, 2019).…”

Spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures and monsoon dynamics in the northwestern Arabian Sea during the last 43 kyr

“…Consequently, eddies that predominantly carry warmer waters can result in rising SSTs, while colder eddies can lead to a SST decrease. However, eddy-driven circulations are variable, transient and continuously moving, depending on the location and seasonal climate variations (SW/NE monsoon), implying that local fluctuations in SSTs may be intense and potentially temporary (Dong et al, 2011;L'Hegaret et al, 2016;de Marez et al, 2019;Piontkovski et al, 2019;Trott et al, 2019).…”