A comparison of soil and microbial carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents, and macro-aggregate stability of a soil under native forest and after clearance for pastures and plantation forest

Sparling, G.P.; Hart, P. B. S.; August, J. A.; Leslie, David M.

doi:10.1007/bf00337739

Cited by 84 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The strategy of measuring soil characteristics of matched soil types, differing only in land use, allows the effect of those land uses to be compared (e.g., Mclntosh et al 1996Mclntosh et al , 1997Giddens et al 1997). By including an example of the soil under original indigenous vegetation, the degree of change from a starting point can be assessed (Goh & Heng 1987;Sparling et al 1994;. Even this simplified approach has limitations in New Zealand, because examples of contrasting long-term land uses on pedologically matched soils are rare (Sparling et al 1994), and chronosequences of matched sites are even rarer (Goh & Heng 1987;Goh & Condron 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By including an example of the soil under original indigenous vegetation, the degree of change from a starting point can be assessed (Goh & Heng 1987;Sparling et al 1994;. Even this simplified approach has limitations in New Zealand, because examples of contrasting long-term land uses on pedologically matched soils are rare (Sparling et al 1994), and chronosequences of matched sites are even rarer (Goh & Heng 1987;Goh & Condron 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Topsoil characteristics of three contrasting New Zealand soils under four long‐term land uses

Sparling

Shepherd

Schipper

2000

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Marton (Argillic Perched-gley Pallic, Typic Endoaqualf), Ohakune (Typic Orthic Allophanic, Typic Hapludand), and Westmere (Mottled Mafic Melanic, Mollic Hapludalf) soils with differing structural vulnerability were compared at matched sites under different land uses. Topsoil samples (0-10 cm) from indigenous forest (>50 yr), permanent pasture (>50 yr), pine plantation (>20 yr), or arable cropping (>13 yr) sites were characterised using a range of 17 chemical, physical, and biological properties. Land-use effects masked overall differences in the physical and chemical properties of the soils, despite their differing mineralogy. However, the biological properties of respiration, microbial C, and mineralisable N were generally significantly lower under arable cropping and pine plantations compared with pastures and indigenous forest. Within each soil type, land use caused significant but varying effects on soil properties. There was considerable decline in the physical condition of the Ohakune topsoil under arable cropping despite the very low vulnerability rating. The findings suggest that the degradative pressures caused by cropping for carrots on Ohakune soil were considerably greater than those of cereal cropping on Marton and Westmere soils. Deteriorating soil physical structure is likely to be the main limitation to continued arable cropping on Marton and Ohakune soils.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topsoil characteristics of three contrasting New Zealand soils under four long‐term land uses

Sparling

Shepherd

Schipper

2000

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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“…Several studies have shown that soil microorganisms are affected by fire, both directly and indirectly, mainly through the effects of increased erosion, loss of fertility, or increase in toxic compounds (Certini, 2005;Dumonet et al, 1996). Thus, several authors have also found significant reductions on microbial biomass levels after a wildfire in different ecosystems (Hernández et al, 1997;Mabuhay et al, 2006), and as suggested above, the death of microorganisms due to soil warming and the declining quality and quantity of substrate after fire may explain this decrease (Sparling et al, 1994;Vance and Nadkarni, 1990). Furthermore, most authors have reported an increase in inorganic N pools just after fire (Kutiel and Naveh, 1987;Prieto-Fernández et al, 1993) due to ash deposition and increases in soil pH and temperature that improve mineralization rates after fire (Raison, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Long-term decrease of organic and inorganic nitrogen concentrations due to pine forest wildfire

et al. 2010

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Keywords: dissolved organic nitrogen / labile nitrogen / microbial biomass / mineral nitrogen / Pinus canariensis / fire Abstract • Growing concerns about fires and the increase of fire frequency and severity due to climate change have stimulated a large number of scientific papers about fire ecology. Most researchers have focused on the short-term effects of fire, and the knowledge about the long-term consequences of fires on ecosystem nutrient dynamics is still scarce.• Our aim was to improve the existing knowledge about the long-term effects of wildfires on forestlabile N concentrations. We hypothesized that fires may cause an initial decline in organic and inorganic N availability, and in the amount of microbial biomass-N; this should be followed by the recovery of pre-fire N concentrations on a long-term basis. We selected a fire chronosequence in Pinus canariensis forests on La Palma Island (Canary Islands, Spain). These forests are under low anthropogenic atmospheric deposition, and forest management is completely lacking; wildfires are therefore the only significant disturbance. Soil samples were collected during the winter and spring at 22 burned and unburned plots.• Fire produced a significant decrease in microbial biomass N, mineral N and dissolved organic N. Almost 20 y after fire, pre-fire levels of N concentrations had not recovered.• These results demonstrate that P. canariensis forest soils have a lower resilience against fire than expected. The magnitude of these observed changes suggests that pine forest wildfires may induce long-term (2 decades) changes in soil and in plant primary production. Mots-clés :azote organique dissous / azote labile / biomasse microbienne / azote minéral / Pinus canariensis / incendie Résumé -Décroissance à long terme des concentrations d'azote organique et inorganique, attribuable au feu dans une forêt de pins.• Les préoccupations grandissantes au sujet des incendies, de l'augmentation de leur fréquence et de leur gravité attribuable aux changements climatiques ont stimulé la production d'un grand nombre d'articles scientifiques sur l'écologie des incendies. La plupart des chercheurs ont mis l'accent sur les effets à court terme de l'incendie, et les connaissances sur les conséquences à long terme des incendies sur la dynamique des éléments nutritifs de l'écosystème sont encore rares.• Notre objectif est d'améliorer les connaissances actuelles sur les effets à long terme des incendies sur les concentrations labiles d'azote en forêt. Nous avons émis l'hypothèse que les incendies peuvent provoquer une baisse initiale de l'azote organique et de la disponibilité de l'azote inorganique, et de la quantité de biomasse microbienne azotée, ce qui devrait être suivie par la récupération des concentrations d'azote d'avant le feu sur une base de long terme. Nous avons sélectionné une chronoséquence d'incendies dans des forêts de Pinus canariensis sur l'île de La Palma (îles Canaries, Espagne). Ces forêts sont situées sous de faibles dépôts atmosphériques d'origine anthropique, ...

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“…(Feigl et al, 1998). Provavelmente isto está relacionado ao baixo teor de matéria orgânica observado no solo dos experimentos (Tabela 1), que juntamente com a sazonalidade pluvial, são fatores, limitantes ao desenvolvimento microbiano (Vance & Nadkarni, 1990;Sparling et al, 1994).…”

Section: Análise Dos Dadosunclassified

“…Observou-se, de forma geral, que os perfis eletroforéticos apresentaram baixo número de bandas, variando entre 5 e 17. Este baixo número de bandas pode estar associado às condições edafoclimáticas da região, especialmente o baixo teor de matéria orgânica e a sazonalidade pluvial, que podem limitar as atividades microbianas (Vance & Nadkarni, 1990;Sparling et al, 1994). Tendo havido reduzido número de bactérias nas raízes de soja é possível que estas não tenham sido detectadas no DGGE, haja vista, que esta técnica mostra, preferencialmente, grupos microbianos mais abundantes.…”

Section: Comunidade Bacteriana Associada Ao Rizoplano De Sojaunclassified

População microbiana em solo cultivado com soja e tratado com diferentes herbicidas em área de cerrado no estado de Roraima

Zilli¹,

Smiderle²,

Neves

et al. 2007

Acta Amaz.

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RESUMOEste trabalho objetivou avaliar o impacto de herbicidas à base de glyphosate, imazaquin e trifluralin na biomassa microbiana do solo, na comunidade bacteriana associada ao rizoplano de soja e também na nodulação das plantas de soja. As avaliações foram realizadas por um período de 60 dias, em dois sistemas de manejo do solo: semeadura direta na palha (SD) e semeadura convencional (SC), que receberam a aplicação dos herbicidas glyphosate e, imazaquin e trifluralin, respectivamente. Ao longo do período estudado o imazaquin, na área de SD, ocasionou redução da biomassa microbiana e, também alterou o perfil bacteriano analisado por eletroforese em gel com gradiente desnaturante (DGGE) de forma mais intensa, que o glyphosate. Na área de SC não houve efeito significativo dos herbicidas sobre a biomassa microbiana, tendo ocorrido grande variabilidade entre repetições de um mesmo tratamento nos perfis de DGGE, o que dificultou a observação do efeito dos herbicidas. O seqüenciamento de fragmentos do 16S rDNA retirados dos géis de DGGE mostrou que o glyphosate restringiu o desenvolvimento de uma bactéria com 90% de homologia com Herbaspirillum sp., enquanto, o imazaquin estimulou uma bactéria com 96% de homologia com Ralstonia sp. e, outras bactérias com pelo menos 92% de homologia com Burkholderia, Thiomonas e Pseudomonas não foram afetadas. Também não houve efeito dos herbicidas sobre o número de nódulos nas plantas de soja. PALAVRAS-CHAVEBiomassa Microbiana, glyphosate, imazaquin, trifluralin, DGGE. Microbial population in soil cultivated with soybean and treated with different herbicides in cerrado area of Roraima ABSTRACT This work aimed to evaluate the impact of glyphosate, imazaquin and trifluralin on soil microbial biomass, on bacteria community associated with soybean rhizoplane and soybean nodulation under two different agricultural management: no-tillage (SD) and conventional tillage (SC). The results showed that imazaquin in SD area lead a significant reduction of soil microbial biomass during the period of evaluation (60 days) and, also had greater modifications in bacterial DGGE

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A comparison of soil and microbial carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents, and macro-aggregate stability of a soil under native forest and after clearance for pastures and plantation forest

Cited by 84 publications

References 44 publications

Topsoil characteristics of three contrasting New Zealand soils under four long‐term land uses

Topsoil characteristics of three contrasting New Zealand soils under four long‐term land uses

Long-term decrease of organic and inorganic nitrogen concentrations due to pine forest wildfire

População microbiana em solo cultivado com soja e tratado com diferentes herbicidas em área de cerrado no estado de Roraima

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