A comparison of the intelligibility of esophageal, electrolaryngeal, and normal speech in quiet and in noise

Holley, Sandra Cavanaugh; Lerman, Jay W.; Randolph, Kenneth J.

doi:10.1016/0021-9924(83)90045-x

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Holley et al studied the intelligibility of electrolarynx speech in noise and revealed that electrolarynx speech decreased in intelligibility as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) decreased (HOLLEY et al, 1983). This finding suggests that laryngectomees face the same problems of noise-related communicative obstacles in daily commtmication as laryngeal speakers do.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Enhancement of electrolarynx speech using adaptive noise cancelling based on independent component analysis

Huang

Wan

Wang

et al. 2003

Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.

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The electrolarynx provides a valuable means of verbal communication for people who cannot use their natural voice-production mechanism, but technology has changed very little since it was introduced in the 1950s. The presence of background noise degrades the resulting speech. In this study background noise was reduced by a new method, independent component analysis-based adaptive noise cancelling, which can remove noise components of the primary input signal based on statistical independence, by incorporating both second-order and higher-order statistics. The method shows better performance than the conventional least mean square algorithm. Acoustic analysis of the denoised electrolarynx speech revealed a significant reduction in the amount of background noise. Results from the perceptual evaluations indicated that the new filtering technique produced a noticeable improvement in the acceptability of the electrolarynx speech in a quiet environment (from 1.75 to 2.49, arbitrary units) or a noisy environment (from 0.59 to 1.82). In general, there was no significant improvement or degradation in intelligibility in the quiet environment (from 52.7 to 53.3). However, the processing did improve the intelligibility in a babble-noise environment (from 24.9 to 40.6). The improvement in acceptability and intelligibility may increase the communication ability of the user in daily situations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Enhancement of electrolarynx speech using adaptive noise cancelling based on independent component analysis

Huang

Wan

Wang

et al. 2003

Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.

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show abstract

“…Considerable research has focused on speech intelligibility associated with esophageal and artificial larynx phonation, particularly in English speakers [1][2][3][4][5][6]. A review of literature indicates that speech intelligibility/ acceptability data of alaryngeal speech in English are inconsistent.…”

Section: Ooooooooooooooooomentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of Tonal Changes in Normal Laryngeal, Esophageal, and Artificial Laryngeal Male Cantonese Speakers

Lerman

Gilbert

1998

Folia Phoniatr Logop

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Listeners were asked to identify six tonal variations in the production of the syllables /ji/ and /si/ produced by 10 normal laryngeal (NL), 10 standard esophageal (SE), and 10 Servox-type electrolarynx (EL) Cantonese speakers. The purpose of the present study was to determine if alaryngeal Cantonese speakers could differentiate meanings associated with different tone levels. Results indicated that listeners’ identification of the six tones for each syllable produced by the SE speakers was similar in pattern to those produced by the NL speakers of Cantonese. For both NL and SE speech, the high-level, low-falling, and high-rising tones were perceived more accurately than the mid-level, low-level, and low-rising tones. Identification of the six tones for each syllable as produced by the EL speakers was significantly poorer due to the limitations of the electrolarynx.

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“…Hyman [5] and Tikofsky [8] found that both SE and EL speech were associated with poorer intelligibility when compared to normal laryngeal (NL) speech, but no signifi cant difference was found between SE and EL speech intelligibility. Yet, Holly et al [11] reported that SE speech was more intelligible than EL speech in both quiet and noisy conditions. McCroskey and Mulligan [6] noted a higher intelligibility with SE speech than EL speech as assessed by speech pathologists, but not by naïve listeners.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tonal Perceptions in Normal Laryngeal, Esophageal, and Electrolaryngeal Speech of Mandarin

Liu

Wan²,

Ng³

et al. 2006

Folia Phoniatr Logop

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The present study attempted to investigate if alaryngeal speakers of Mandarin Chinese could differentially produce the four tone levels of Mandarin: high-level, mid-rising, falling-rising and high-falling, as perceived by native listeners. Syllables /ma/ and /ba/ produced at four different tone levels by 8 normal laryngeal (NL), 7 standard esophageal (SE), and 8 electrolaryngeal (EL) speakers of Mandarin were perceived by 8 naïve listeners. Results from the listening experiments showed a higher percent correct identification of tone for NL speech than SE and EL speech. Perceptual data showed different patterns of tone confusion associated with the three types of speech. SE and EL speakers were not able to produce the four tone levels as accurately as were NL speakers. NL speakers achieved a near-perfect level of accuracy in signaling tonal contrasts. SE speakers produced the falling-rising and high-falling tones more accurately than high-level and mid-rising tones, but tonal confusions existed between mid-rising tone and falling-rising tone, and between high-level tone and high-falling tone. In EL phonation, high-level tone was produced more accurately than the other tones which were often misidentified as a high-level tone.

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A comparison of the intelligibility of esophageal, electrolaryngeal, and normal speech in quiet and in noise

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

Enhancement of electrolarynx speech using adaptive noise cancelling based on independent component analysis

Enhancement of electrolarynx speech using adaptive noise cancelling based on independent component analysis

Perceptions of Tonal Changes in Normal Laryngeal, Esophageal, and Artificial Laryngeal Male Cantonese Speakers

Tonal Perceptions in Normal Laryngeal, Esophageal, and Electrolaryngeal Speech of Mandarin

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